Recent health campaigns on college campuses have used a social norms approach, which suggests that one's perceptions of others' attitudes and behaviors are the key components in attitude and behavior change. However, the efficacy of social norms campaigns has been mixed. This study was conducted to assess the relationships among sociodemographics, normative perceptions, and individual attitudes...

This article extends the theory of normative social behavior by conceptualizing drinking refusal self-efficacy as an important moderator in the relationship between descriptive norms and drinking intentions and behavior. A study was conducted among Korean high school students (N = 538) to assess their normative perceptions, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and drinking intentions. We found a sig...

The focus of this chapter is on family patterns of interaction that influence the social and intellectual competence of young children. It is the development of social and intellectual competencies that enables children to pursue their own goals as effectively as possible and to do so in the context of larger family values, expectations, and routines. Of importance, the development-enhancing qu...

Prior research in technology use by individuals has predominantly focused on social influence as perceived by the individual. We take an alternative perspective and drawing from literature on normative influence and social networks, we develop cross-level hypotheses related to the effects of team level social influence on extensiveness of individual technology use. We test the research hypothes...

BACKGROUND Social norms influence adolescent smoking intentions, but this effect may differentiate depending on current smoking experiences. The presented study assessed the moderation effects of smoking status on the relationship between social norms and smoking intentions among Greek adolescents. METHODS A cross-section survey-based design was used. Overall, 251 Greek secondary school stude...

This thesis describes a model of norm-governed practical reasoning agents and demonstrates the implementation of this model in the form of the NoA Normative Agent language and architecture. The introduction of normative concepts such as obligations, permissions and prohibitions into the practical reasoning of an agent is motivated by the need for effective coordination mechanisms in open system...

Testosterone plays an important role in mammalian brain development. In neural regions with appropriate receptors testosterone, or its metabolites, influences patterns of cell death and survival, neural connectivity and neurochemical characterization. Consequently, testosterone exposure during critical periods of early development produces permanent behavioural changes. In humans, affected beha...

The Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST) was administered to a sample of N=296 healthy children (aged between 8.03 and 15.87). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of age, gender, and parental educational level on LDST performance and to establish demographically corrected normative data. The results showed that the relationship between age and LDST performance was curviline...

By NOW, many experimental studies (e.g., 1, 3, 6) have demonstrated that individual psychological processes are subject to social influences. Most investigators, however, have not distinguished among different kinds of social influences; rather, they have carelessly used the term "group" influence to characterize the impact of many different kinds of social factors. In fact, a review of the maj...