The substrate specificity of the DNA-binding mechanism(s) of bacteria in a Florida reservoir was investigated in short- and long-term uptake studies with radiolabeled DNA and unlabeled competitors. Thymine oligonucleotides ranging in size from 2 base pairs to 19 to 24 base pairs inhibited DNA binding in 20-min incubations by 43 to 77%. Deoxynucleoside monophosphates, thymidine, and thymine had ...

OAS (2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthases) proteins and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, gene symbol: MB21D1) patrol the cytoplasm for the presence of foreign nucleic acids. Upon binding to double-stranded RNA or double-stranded DNA, OAS proteins and cGAS produce nucleotide second messengers to activate RNase L and STING (stimulator of interferon genes, gene symbol: TMEM173), respectively; this leads t...

Nearly 100 chemicals, chiefly purincs and pyrimidines and a few antibiotics, have been tested for their ability to interfere with the killing action of Paramecia and to produce sensitives from killer animals, presumably through inactivation of kappa. Kappa, a cytoplasmic factor in certain stocks of Parumecium uureliu, dependent upon, but not initiated by, the dominant allele of the killer gene,...

A rapid technique (5-10 min) has been developed for fractionating nucleotides from base and nucleoside contaminants in acid extracts of cells, by adsorption to silica gels. Silica gels (1-mL bed volume) were washed with 5 mL of water then with 5 mL of acetonitrile/water (90/10 by vol). After applying 3-mL samples, adjusted to 900 mL/L acetonitrile content, we washed the gel with an additional 1...

Tetraethyldicyanoborane pyrophosphate (2) and 3'-(diethylphosphite-cyanoborano)-5'-dimethoxytrityl.N(4)-benzoyl-deoxycytidine (3) have been synthesized in 70% and 76% yields, respectively. The compatibility of the substituted boranophosphates with common protecting groups is hereby demonstrated.Boron containing biologically active compounds, such as nucleosides and nucleotides (1-6) and amino a...

Even several decades after pioneer publications there is continued interest in the construction and synthesis of a variety of novel oligonucleotide analogues. The first oligonucleotide analogues which had a regular, predetermined structure containing nucleoside units joined with carbonate, carbamate, hydroxyacetate and hydroxyacetamide tethers have been developed in the 1970s. Further progress ...

While the early workers in this field, such as Miescher and Hopne-Seyler, appear t,o have conjectured the macromolecular and complex chaaacter of the nucleic acids that they were the first to isolate, this view soon was abandoned in favor of the chemically more attractive tetranucleotide hypothesis, and those students of nucleic acid chemistry (e.g. (1, 2)) who still felt that much remained to ...

The emergence and evolution of prebiotic biomolecules on the early Earth remain a question that is considered crucial to understanding chemistry origin life. Amongst molecules, glycerol significant due its ubiquity in biochemistry. In this review, we discuss significance various derivatives biochemistry, their plausible roles cell membranes, biochemistry extremophiles, followed by associated ca...

Gronlund, Audrey F. (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada) and J. J. R. Campbell. Nitrogenous substrates of endogenous respiration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 86:58-66. 1963.-The nature of the nitrogenous reserves of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are oxidized during endogenous respiration was studied by following the changes in the chemical constituents and in the distri...

Two peptide-oligothymidylic acids, prepared by joining an 11 residue synthetic peptide containing one internal carboxyl group (Asp side chain) to amino-linker-5'pdT6 and amino-linker-5'pdT10 oligonucleotides, were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) on a linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer and by electrospray ionization (ESI) on a triple-quadrupole system. These ...