Alexander, Andrew N., and Hannah V. Carey. Oral IGF-I enhances nutrient and electrolyte absorption in neonatal piglet intestine. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G619–G625, 1999.—The effect of orally administered insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on small intestinal structure and function was studied in 5-day-old colostrumdeprived piglets. Human recombinant IGF-I (3.5 m...

Posaconazole oral suspension is widely used for antifungal prophylaxis and treatment in immunocompromised patients, with highly variable pharmacokinetics reported in patients due to inconsistent oral absorption. This study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics of posaconazole in adults and investigate factors that influence posaconazole pharmacokinetics byusing a population pharmacokinetic...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the improved absorption and in vivo kinetic characteristics of a novel water-in-oil nanoemulsion containing evodiamine-phospholipid nanocomplex (NEEPN) when administered orally. METHODS NEEPN was fabricated by loading an evodiamine-phospholipid nanocomplex into a water-in-oil nanoemulsive system. The gastrointestinal absorption of NEEPN was inve...

Intestinal permeability has been studied in 21 patients with coeliac disease in relapse and after gluten withdrawal using an oral test of intestinal permeability based on the simultaneous oral administration of two probe molecules. The increased absorption of the larger molecule (cellobiose) and the decreased absorption of the smaller (mannitol) found in untreated coeliac disease both returned ...

It was reported that oseltamivir (Tamiflu) absorption was mediated by human peptide transporter (hPEPT) 1. Understanding the exact mechanism(s) of absorption is important in the context of drug-drug and diet-drug interactions. Hence, we investigated the mechanism governing the intestinal absorption of oseltamivir and its active metabolite (oseltamivir carboxylate) in wild-type [Chinese hamster ...

A critically evaluated database of human oral bioavailability for 768 chemical compounds is described in this study (http://modem.ucsd.edu/adme), which provides the scientific community a publicly available and reliable source for developing predictive models of human oral bioavailability. The correlations between several important molecular properties and human oral bioavailability were invest...

The inhibitory effect of various oral doses of different hexacyanoferrate(II) compounds (HCF) and the influence of the time interval of HCF-administration on intestinal 134Cs-absorption was studied in rats. Optimum inhibition was obtained by administration of HCF together with or 2 min before oral 134Cs loading. Using appropriate low amounts (0.1-0.5 mg) of the different HCF compounds, the inhi...

Owing to the ease of the administration, the oral cavity is an attractive site for the delivery of drugs. Through this route it is possible to realize mucosal (local effect) and transmucosal (systemic effect) drug administration. In the first case, the aim is to achieve a site-specific release of the drug on the mucosa, whereas the second case involves drug absorption through the mucosal barrie...

PURPOSE This study compared the pharmacokinetic profile, and systemic and local absorption of diclofenac, following dermal patch application and oral administration in Yorkshire-Landrace pigs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twelve anesthetized, female, Yorkshire-Landrace pigs were randomized to receive either the dermal patch (FLECTOR(®) patch, 10 × 14 cm; Alpharma Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Pfiz...

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), the main active ingredient of the safflower plant (Carthamus tinctorius L.), is a hydrophilic drug with low oral bioavailability. Water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsions may enhance the oral absorption of HSYA. In this study, we prepared a self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system (SDEDDS) to improve the absorption of HSYA. SDEDDS consists of water in o...