The training time of ANN depends on size of ANN (i.e. number of hidden layers and number of neurons in each layer), size of training data, their normalization range and type of mapping of training patterns (like X–Y, X–DY, DX–Y and DX–DY), error functions and learning algorithms. The efforts have been done in past to reduce training time of ANN by selection of an optimal network and modificatio...

Inthispaper, (L,M)-fuzzy domain finiteness and (L,M)-fuzzy restricted hull spaces are introduced, and several characterizations of the category (L,M)-CS of (L,M)-fuzzy convex spaces are obtained. Then, (L,M)-fuzzy stratified (resp. weakly induced, induced) convex spaces are introduced. It is proved that both categories, the category (L,M)-SCS of (L,M)-fuzzy stratified convex spaces and the cate...

This paper presents the design and implementation of a real-time fuzzy-based artificial intelligence system for an interactive game. The chosen game is a remake of Pac-Man in which the opponents are BDI-style intelligent agents. The components of the system and the methods used in fuzzifying the game’s rules and variables are discussed. In addition, comparisons are drawn between the proposed fu...

Coal has been the fundamental energy source supporting China’s supply and consumption. This paper examines convergence clubs for per capita coal consumption among 30 provinces of China between 1997 2019 by means a nonlinear time-varying factor model. Meanwhile, ordered probit model is further used to identify causes affecting convergence. The results analyses data strongly support existence clu...