Professor Naoki Ikegami’s “Fee-for-service payment – an evil practice that must be stamped out” summarizes many of the failings of alternatives to fee-for-service (FFS) payment systems. His article also offers several suggestions for improving FFS systems. However, even powerful arguments against many of the alternatives to FFS, does not make a convincing argument for FFS systems. In addition, ...

Mobile payment is implied as the accelerator of e-business and m-commerce. Currently mobile payments deal with several hindrances to improve requirements of m-commerce such as: simplifying the mobile payment processes for consumers, improving the security of payment, especially the application of digital signing in mobile payment. In this paper the alternate payments industry is defined as cons...

A change order is frequently initiated by either the supplier or the buyer, especially when the contract is long-term or when the contractual design is complex. In response to a change order, the buyer can enter a bargaining process to negotiate a new price. If the bargaining fails, she pays a cancellation fee (or penalty) and opens an auction. We call this process the sequential bargaining-auc...

The micro-payment system is an important technique in electronic commerce. The high-value payment system is not suitable for a micro-payment system because the requirements are di€erent. To meet sucient security for all participants in electronic commerce, a micro-payment system makes it possible to make small payment through electronic communication networks. In this paper, we propose a simpl...

As an emerging decentralized technology, peerto-peer architecture arises as a new model for distributed computing and transaction, consequently there is a need for a scheme to incorporate payment services in this environment to enable electronic payment via peer-to-peer systems. In this paper, a transferable token is proposed for peer-to-peer payment system, which can float from a peer to anoth...

Declaration This is to certify that this term paper has been written by me. The articles and literatures read for the preparation of this paper has been acknowledged and are cited both on each page footnotes and also at the end of document.