BACKGROUND Pedicled periosteal flaps are commonly used for tissue defects between the base of the skull and the midfacial area. This study aimed to clarify the 3-dimensional vascular distribution of temporal region flaps. METHODS Ten fresh cadavers were used. Full-thickness cranial flaps were elevated from the cranial bone and each layer was detached separately. Contrast enhancement of the fu...

Branch atheromatous disease (BAD) refers to atheromatous occlusion of a small, perforating vessel. BAD produces small subcortical infarction (SSI) and presents clinically with lacunar syndrome. However, this is pathophysiologically distinguished from traditional small vessel disease (SVD) caused by lipohyalinosis primarily affecting the distal part of perforators. According to vascular imaging ...

The pattern of invasion of human hair in vitro by the dermatophyte Microsporum gypseum was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Mycelia that invaded the hair cortex through the edge of cuticles showed a flattened "frond" growth in contrast to the filamentous form seen on ordinary laboratory media. The frond cells were characterized by the presence of vesicles formed by inva...

We report a case of oral malodor associated with internal resorption. A 39-year-old male attended our hospital complaining of oral malodor. Utilizing organoleptic measurement, the halimeter test and gas chromatography, it was diagnosed as a strong halitosis caused by oral origin. The pocket probing depth of tooth 21 was 10 mm, and X-ray examination revealed a vertical bone loss around this toot...

The capillary from the meningeal inner pial lamella play a crucial role in the development and structural organization of the cerebral cortex extrinsic and intrinsic microvascular compartments. Only pial capillaries are capable of perforating through the cortex external glial limiting membrane (EGLM) to enter into the nervous tissue, although incapable of perforating the membrane to exit the br...

Background: The anatomy of small saphenous vein (SSV) is very variable because of its complex embryological origin. SSV incompetence often causes reflux that goes to the perforating veins, sometimes not respecting the anatomical course. Objective: To analyze differences in reflux direction and reentry in the SSV. Methods: In this prospective, observational study, 60 lower limbs with SSV incompe...

Reactive perforating collagenosis (RPC) is the most common type of acquired perforating dermatoses (APD), [1] and is characterized by umbilicated papules and plaques with central crusted ulceration. Pruritus is the most common symptom of RPC, and the lesions are most commonly found on the extensor surfaces of the extremities. This entity is histopathologically characterized by invagination of t...

Abstract In the present cases, use of Ophtec Arificial Iris model C1 is described in patients with traumatic or postoperative aniridia/aphakia. one patients, it was combined perforating keratoplasty because corneal scarring. both presented improvement visual acuity and a satisfactory aesthetic result without any serious complications can be shown. However, short follow-up time must emphasised.