We examined UV-B radiation flux and its environmental control within and among streams of northern Michigan. UV-B flux was estimated in streams by plastic dosimetry strips, which allow for the simultaneous and repeated in situ measurement of solar radiation. During the summer of 2004, UV-B flux was measured across depth gradients and along longitudinal transects in seven streams, which were cho...

Title of Document: ENHANCEMENT OF A CANOPY REFLECTANCE MODEL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE SPECULAR AND SPECTRAL EFFECTS OF AN AQUATIC BACKGROUND IN AN INUNDATED TIDAL MARSH Kevin Ross Turpie, Ph.D., 2012 Directed By: Professor Michael Kearney, Department of Geographical Sciences The presence of water produces unique specular and spectral characteristics in an inundated tidal marsh canopy. The aquatic ...

A complex geometric model for describing the 3D structure of plant canopies is presented. The Botanical Plant Modelling System (BPMS) allows a complete (topologically accurate) 3D geometric description of a canopy to be constructed. The model can be used for simulating the optical scattered radiation field of plant canopies, soil, or other topography through Monte Carlo ray tracing, which provi...

Understanding and simulating plant canopy conditions can assist in better acknowledgment of plant microclimate characteristics, its effect on plant processes, and the influence of management and climate scenarios. The ability of the Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) model to simulate the surface energy balance and profiles of leaf temperature and micrometeorological variables within a maize ca...

The study aimed to determine the impact of sound land use management to the runoff in Kabuntalan, Maguindanao in Tamontaka river basin. This was done through simulation and the comparison of the three land cover scenarios such as 2015 land cover, 2025 projected land cover and desired land use to determine its difference in terms of runoff. Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling Syste...

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the composition types horticultural plants used as constituents in green open space Taman Sritanjung Banyuwangi and (2) canopy stratification pattern Green Open Space (GOS) Banyuwangi. method determining location research is purposive method, namely GOS data obtained by using line census all that followed samples. analyzed descriptively qualit...

Maintaining human thermal comfort (HTC) is essential for pedestrians because people outside can be more susceptible to heat stress and heat stroke. Modification of street microclimates using tree canopy cover can provide important benefits to pedestrians, but how beneficial and under what circumstances is not clear. On sunny summer days, microclimatic measures were made in residential streets w...

Accurate estimates of forest canopy are essential for the characterization of forest ecosystems. Remotelysensed techniques provide a unique way to obtain estimates over spatially extensive areas, but their application is limited by the spectral and temporal resolution available from these systems, which is often not suited to meet regional or local objectives. The use of unmanned aerial vehicle...

Tragacanth Gum is one of the most important medicinal and industrial productsof rangelands and is obtained from the incision of gum tragacanth-producing Astragalusincluding Astragalus keyserlingii. The conservation of Astragalus species in rangelandshas a special place in terms of economic profit and soil conservation. The increase in priceof gum tragacanth in recent years and more attention of...

The effects of soil pedoturbation (i.e., pit and mound microtopography, PM) on development of herbaceous plant species and woody species regeneration were examined in a temperate beech forest (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) in northern Iran. We recorded the vegetation in 20 pairs of disturbed and adjacent undisturbed plots and established a chronosequence of PM ages to study the effect of time since ...