OBJECTIVE To evaluate interrater reliability using 5 newly trained observers in the assessment of pressure pain threshold (PPT) using a fixed-angle algometer. METHODS The study design comprised 2 phases. Phase 1: 5 undergraduate physical therapists were trained in algometry at a predefined angle, at a rate of 5 Newtons (N)/s, to the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Each observer then underwe...

BACKGROUND In recent decades, the United States experienced increasing prevalence and incidence of diabetes, accompanied by large disparities in county-level diabetes prevalence and incidence. However, whether these disparities are widening, narrowing, or staying the same has not been studied. We examined changes in disparity among U.S. counties in diagnosed diabetes prevalence and incidence be...

A cross-sectional study was performed to examine the internal exposure of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) in former workers in a nonferrous metal recycling facility. Liver enzymes, lipid parameters, and thyroid hormones were measured to check possible biologic effects. Compared to background levels, the international toxicity equivalent levels of expos...

G udrun D. Trogisch*, H elm ut Köcher**, and W olfram R. Ullrich* * Institut für Botanik, Technische Hochschule, Schnittspahnstraße 3. D-6100 Darmstadt, Bundesrepublik Deutschland ** Hoechst AG, D-6230 Frankfurt 80. Bundesrepublik Deutschland Z. Naturforsch. 44c, 33 — 38 (1989); received July 13/November 11, 1988 Dedicated to Professor Wilhelm Simonis on the occasion o f his 80th birthday Ammon...

By using the “subtracting projectors” method in proving the separability of PPT states on multiple quantum spaces, we derive a canonical form of PPT states in C1 ⊗CK2 ⊗· · ·⊗CKm ⊗CN composite quantum systems with rank N , from which a sufficient separability condition for these states is presented. As the key resource in quantum information processing [1], quantum entanglement has resulted in t...

Time-resolved laser flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis have been used to study the chemical activity of podophyllotoxin(PPT) and etoposide(VP-16). The mechanism of photoionization of etoposide and podophyllotoxin has been confirmed and illustrated. It is demonstrated that VP-16 and PPT in aqueous solution can be photoionized at 248 nm to give hydrated electron and neutral radical resulting f...

Experiments conducted at the Surrey Space Centre on a breadboard pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) have led to greater insights in to the underlying principles of electrode erosion during plasma formation. It has been shown that during a PPT discharge a significant proportion of the plasma that is produced is from direct erosion of the electrodes to the extent that traditional Teflon propellant bars...

This systematic review evaluated the impact of using digital pinna-cue preserving technologies (PPT) on front/back sound localization for adult hearing aid users. Two peer-reviewed studies and two non-peer-reviewed studies were included. Lab-based and self-report outcomes were both assessed. The overall findings suggested that PPT was superior to omni-directional and full directional settings i...

Paleotemperature indicators and apatite fission track analysis of Australian continental margin cover sequeRces accreted to the active Banda arc-continent collision indicate little to no heating during rapid late Neogene uplift and exhumation. Thermal maturation patterns of vitrinite reflectance, conodont alteration and' illite crystallinity show that peak paleotemperatures (PPT) increase with ...

Cells in the pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) play a key role in the generation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, but its intracellular signaling mechanisms remain unknown. In the current studies, the role of PPT intracellular protein kinase A (PKA) in the regulation of REM sleep was evaluated by comparing PKA subunit [catalytic (PKA(C alpha)) and regulatory (PKA(RI), PKA(RII alpha), and PKA(R...