porosity is one of the fundamental petrophysical properties that should be evaluated for hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs. it is a vital factor in precise understanding of reservoir quality in a hydrocarbon field. log data are exceedingly crucial information in petroleum industries, for many of hydrocarbon parameters are obtained by virtue of petrophysical data. there are three main petrophysical...

Nanometer-precise positioning at ultra-high velocities is a major challenge for rapidly emerging applications that use scanning probes in order to observe and alter the properties of materials down to the nanoscale. Typical examples include surface imaging, nanolithography and data storage. For example in probe-based data storage, constant linear velocity along the scan trajectory is required, ...

Precise zero knowledge guarantees that the view of any verifier V can be simulated in timeclosely related to the actual (as opposed to worst-case) time spent by V in the generated view.We generalize this notion in two ways:1. We provide definitions and constructions of precise encryption, precise proofs of knowledgeand precise secure computation.2. We introduce relaxed n...

The study examines the question of the use of purchasing power parity versus market exchange rates in constructing global economic models. It compares three approaches: MER accounts, world-price PPP accounts, and superlative PPP accounts. It concludes that the best approach is to use superlative PPP accounts. This approach uses cross-sectional PPP measures for relative incomes and outputs and r...