Evolution of languages has always been of interest to linguists.  In this paper we study  the natural progress of the syllable structure from Old  Persian  (O.P)  to Middle Persian (Mi.P) and up to the Modern Persian (Mo.P). For this purpose all the words containing consonant sequences are collected from specific sources of each  of these  languages,  and then  analysed  according to the syllab...

The stability and functioning of any kind of political regime—including democratic or representative ones—relies on the combination of the capacity of rulers and government officials to use coercion and the development of political legitimacy. Political legitimacy can be described as people's recognition and acceptance of the validity of the rules of their entire political system and the decisi...

a characteristic of modern-time is incorporation of man family life in his individual and social identity, one of the consequences of which is evaluation of family rights with criteria provided in the civil code. while islamic philosophers believe that family has an eminent position, and, to manage it, these philosophers suggest principles which are exclusively applied to family and are differe...

Adolescents differ in the extent to which they believe that parents have legitimate authority to impose rules restricting adolescents' behavior. The purpose of the current study was to test predictors of individual differences in legitimacy beliefs during the middle school years. Annually, during the summers following Grades 5, 6, and 7, early adolescents (n = 218; 51% female, 47% African Ameri...

This article contends that legitimacy in the exercise of power comes from the consent of those subject to it. In global health, this implies that the participation of poor country citizens is required for the legitimacy of major actors and institutions. But a review of institutions and processes suggests that this participation is limited or absent. Particularly because of the complex political...

The traditional theory of the just war comprises two sets of principles, one governing the resort to war ( jus ad bellum) and the other governing the conduct of war ( jus in bello). The two sets of principles are regarded, in Michael Walzer’s words, as “logically independent. It is perfectly possible for a just war to be fought unjustly and for an unjust war to be fought in strict accordance wi...

Background: The main purpose of criminal law must be to secure the basic human rights or fundamental rights of individuals. But the matter is the relationship between morality and human rights. For the purpose of the science of morality is to bring humanity to the highest degree of humanity, and the purpose of law is to achieve relative justice and to restore order in society. Equity is also a ...

this islamic rule is one of the most important rules in order to protect legal system and prevent it from disorder in social human life. the meaning of this rule is that, there is no law devised that violates the order of human life. the most important evidences for the validity of this rule are islamic tradition and wisdom. this article shows the status of this subject in purposive and governm...

Enteric pathogens such as Salmonella and Yersinia evolved numerous strategies to survive and proliferate in different environmental reservoirs and mammalian hosts. Deciphering common and pathogen-specific principles for how these bacteria adjust and coordinate spatiotemporal expression of virulence determinants, stress adaptation, and metabolic functions is fundamental to understand microbial p...