Rat diaphragms depleted of calcium involved in excitation-contraction (E-C calcium) coupling were tagged with Ca. Seventy percent of the Ca was extracted by a 25 HIM NaHCOs-50% glycerol solution. Treatment of the muscles with caffeine, shown previously to release E-C calcium, decreased extractable Ca to about one-fourth of that of control muscles, indicating that a large fraction of the extract...

PURPOSE To document the clinical characteristics of procaine with or without the addition of epinephrine. METHODS In this randomized, prospective, double blind study, 62 patients received spinal anesthesia with 100 mg procaine and either 0.3 mg epinephrine (EPI group) or 0.3 ml NaCl 0.9% (SALINE group). Sensory anesthesia to needle prick was evaluated q 1 min for 10 min, q 3 min for 33 min an...

(a) Penicillin.-Most significant developments have taken place in the field of antibiotics, especially with repository penicillins. The treatment, which used to consist of injections every 2 to 4 hours with aqueous penicillins, daily with penicillin in oil-beeswax, and sometimes once or twice weekly with procaine penicillin with aluminium monostearate, may now be achieved by a single or a few i...

Pool A is a rapidly exchangeable cellular pool of Ca++ whose release is triggered by a mechanism involving extracellular Ca++ (Hunter et al., 1981). We have now found that pool A is rapidly released from the perfused rat heart when 10 mm caffeine is added to the perfusate. Pool A release by caffeine was demonstrated during a Ca++ free perfusion. When the perfusate contained 2.5 mm Ca++, caffein...

1. When rat stomach fundus muscle was incubated for 30 min in Tyrode solution from which calcium chloride had been omitted, there was an almost complete abolition of the contractile response to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) while that to acetylcholine (ACh) was still present. 2. The maximum tension obtainable with ACh remained the same in external calcium concentrations ranging from 0.45 to 3.6 mM...

Using quantitative data previously reported for the penetration of local anesthetics into lecithin monolayers, the effects of surface and subphase concentrations of anesthetics on the inhibition of pancreatic phospholipase A2 action on didecanoyl phosphatidylcholine monolayers was investigated. Inhibition as a function of subphase concentration of anesthetic was in the order: dibucaine greater ...

The phase variation (reversible on-off switching) of the type 1 fimbrial adhesin of Escherichia coli involves a DNA inversion catalyzed by FimB (switching in either direction) or FimE (on-to-off switching). Here, we demonstrate that RfaH activates expression of a FimB-LacZ protein fusion while having a modest inhibitory effect on a comparable fimB-lacZ operon construct and on a FimE-LacZ protei...

BACKGROUND Irreversible nerve injury may result from neural membrane lysis due to the detergent properties of local anesthetics. This study aimed to investigate whether local anesthetics display the same properties as detergents and whether they disrupt the model membrane at high concentrations. METHODS Concentrations at which dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and four local anesthetic (dibuc...

Introduction The treatment of gonorrhoea in Denmark is as yet no serious therapeutic problem, as the majority of gonococcal infections can be cured by penicillin. Nevertheless, in an increasing number ofcases a higher dosage of penicillin is required than was the case just a few years ago. At the Dermato-venereological Department of the University Hospital, a single treatment dose of 300,000 un...