a bioreactor equipped with hollow fiber microfiltration membranes was applied for wastewater treatment. removal of chemical oxygen demand (cod) and biochemical oxygen demand (bod5) was investigated. the experimental setup consisted of influent and effluent tanks, and membrane modules using polyvinyl di–fluoride (pvdf) hollow fibers. the operation program included suction and backwash steps whic...

This paper develops a game theory model of a service-oriented Internet in which profit-maximizing service providers provide substitutable (but not identical) services and compete with the quantities of services in a Cournot-Nash manner, whereas the network transport providers, which transport the services to the users at the demand markets, and are also profit-maximizers, compete with prices in...

This paper considers that the number of defective units in an arrival order to be a binominal random variable. We derive a modified mixture inventory model with backorders and lost sales, in which the order quantity and lead time are decision variables. In our studies, we also assume that the backorder rate is dependent on the length of lead time through the amount of shortages and let the back...

....................................................................ii List of Tables.............................................................. v List of Figures............................................................ vi Acknowledgements..........................................................vii 1. CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION............................................... 1 2. CHAPTER T...

An economic production quantity model with demand dependent unit production cost in fuzzy environment has been developed. Flexibility and reliability consideration are introduced in the production process. The models are developed under fuzzy goal and fuzzy restrictions on budgetary cost. The inventory related costs and other parameters are taken as fuzzy in nature. The problem is solved by par...

This paper deals with economic ordering policies for deteriorating items with inflation dependent demand rate under permissible delay in payments by considering selling price is necessarily higher than purchasing cost. We obtain optimal cycle time and we show the total cost function is concave for both cases i.e. case I and case II. We then develop an algorithm for a retailer to determine its o...

In this paper we have developed a continuous review inventory model for deteriorating items with time dependent demand rate. Deterioration rate is increasing with time. Each cycle has shortages, which have been partially backlogged. The backlogging rate is taken to be inversely proportional to the waiting time for the next replenishment. Fuzziness is introduced by considering demand rate and pa...

Environmental responsibility plays a significant role in the firm’s agendas nowadays. In this paper, we address the environmental operations of reverse logistics. Here we developed an integrated supply chain model with coordinated production and remanufacturing due to time-dependent rates. To study the problem we consider the demand to be satisfied with newly manufactured produced and the reman...

In this paper, an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for a deteriorating item is developed with the following characteristics: (i) The demand rate is deterministic and two-staged, i.e., it is constant in first part of the cycle and linear function of time in the second part. (ii) Deterioration rate is time-proportional. (iii) Shortages are not allowed to occur. The o...

Market demand of the  perishable bakery  products are volatile. Hence, demand of such items are random variable. The most appealing demand distribution of such items is lognormal demand distribution. Using historical data, the parameters of lognormal distribution are obtained. But, there is a problem of overestimation or underestimation of the parameters. Fuzzy triangular numbers are used to ov...