within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

Extended abstract Introduction Dust storms are natural hazards that effect on weather conditions, human health and ecosystem. Atmospheric processes are directly affected by the absorption and diffusion of radiation by dust, and dust in the cloud acts as a nucleus of congestion. The main dust areas in the world are flat topographically dry areas with erosion-sensitive soil and poor vege...

the study of air infiltration into the buildings is important from several perspectives that may be noted to energy and design of hvac systems, indoor air quality and thermal comfort and design of smoke control systems. given the importance of this issue, an experimental and numerical study of air infiltration through conventional doors and windows has been explored in iran. to this end, at fir...

abstract the current study set out to address the issue as to whether the implementation of portfolio assessment would give rise to iranian pre-intermediate efl learner autonomy. participants comprised 60 female in pre-intermediate level within the age range of 16-28.they were selected from among 90 language learners based on their scores on language proficiency test -key english test. then, t...

For this study, Polour rangelands were chosen with an area of about 2017 ha in Mazandaran province. The purpose of this study was prediction of dominant species of the rangeland using random forest (RF) and boosting regression trees (BRT) models in the study area. Equal random sampling of vegetation and soil was carried out. 12 work units were obtained in the region that climatic, topography an...

building on previous studies on intellectual features and learners’ grammar learning, the present study aimed at investigating whether intelligence criterion had any impact on efl learners’ english grammar learning across two intelligence levels. in the current study, the participants were divided into two experimental and control groups by administration of raven i.q. test. this led to the for...

Planting Haloxylon aphyllum under oil mulches has frequently been used for stabilizing mobile sands in Iran for during the last three decades. This study is carried out in stabilized sandy desert of Samad Abad-e-Sarakhs to evaluate the implications of planting Haloxylon aphyllum on the vegetation and soil attributes. Sampling was carried out random-systematically in the representative areas of ...

A biodiversity investigation was carried out in the wild pistachio research forest located in southwest of Fars Province between 52˚ 30́́ to 52˚ 40́́ longitude and 29˚ to 29˚ 15́ latitude in an areaof 9374 Ha area. 72 sampling transects fifty meters long were designated using systematic-random design. In each sampling plot a list of bush, shrub, and tree species and their abundance were recorded. Th...

why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...