Structural analysis of deuterated proteins, which are essential for neutron protein crystallography, involves refinement of X-ray crystallographic data using atomic or molecular thermal stability factors. Analysis of high resolution (~0.9 Å) X-ray data can localize some of the hydrogen atoms in a protein molecule. Thermal stabilities and temperature factors are affected by some reasons; one of ...

Radiation damage is an important resolution limiting factor both in macromolecular X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. Systematic studies in macromolecular X-ray crystallography greatly benefited from the use of dose, expressed as energy deposited per mass unit, which is derived from parameters including incident flux, beam energy, beam size, sample composition and sample size. ...

X-ray diffraction data were obtained at the National Synchrotron Light Source from insulin and lysozyme crystals that were densely deposited on three types of surfaces suitable for serial micro-crystallography: MiTeGen MicroMeshes™, Greiner Bio-One Ltd in situ micro-plates, and a moving kapton crystal conveyor belt that is used to deliver crystals directly into the X-ray beam. 6° wedges of data...

A new detector system for protein crystallography is now being developed based on an X-ray HARP-FEA (high-gain avalanche rushing amorphous photoconductor-field emitter array), which consists of an amorphous selenium membrane and a matrix field emitter array. The combination of the membrane avalanche effect with a single driven FEA has several advantages over currently available area detectors, ...

Currently, macromolecular crystallography projects often require the use of highly automated facilities for crystallization and X-ray data collection. However, crystal harvesting and processing largely depend on manual operations. Here, a series of new methods are presented based on the use of a low X-ray-background film as a crystallization support and a photoablation laser that enable the aut...

In this paper, the structure of a new 16-membered macrocyclic Schiff base compound N,N′-(3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzylidene)propane-1,3-diamine, C22H26N2O4 (1), derived from 1,3-propanediamine and 3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzaldehyde has been studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction, DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31G** and FT-IR spectroscopy. The titl...

There is significant demand to rapidly obtain protein structure information for both structural genomics and drug discovery applications. To meet this demand, all steps in the process of determining protein structure by X-ray crystallography need to be optimized and streamlined with high-throughput methodologies. This communication describes a method that brings high-throughput technology to pr...

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) regulate blood and lymph vessel development upon activation of three receptor tyrosine kinases: VEGFR-1, -2, and -3. Partial structures of VEGFR/VEGF complexes based on single-particle electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and X-ray crystallography revealed the location of VEGF binding and domain arrangement of individual receptor subdoma...

Free energy landscapes decisively determine the progress of enzymatically catalyzed reactions. Timeresolved macromolecular crystallography unifies transient-state kinetics with structure determination because both can be determined from the same set of X-ray data. We demonstrate here how barriers of activation can be determined solely from five-dimensional crystallography. Directly linking mole...