The asymptotic structure of laminar, moderately rich, premixed methane flames is analyzed using a reduced chemical-kinetic mechanism comprising four global reactions. This reduced mechanism is different from those employed in previous asymptotic analyses of stoichiometric and lean flames, because a steady-state approximation is not introduced for CH3. The aim of the present analysis is to devel...

We devised a controlled hydrogen plasma reaction at 300 °C to etch graphene and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) selectively at the edges over the basal plane. Atomic force microscope imaging showed that the etching rates for single-layer and few-layer (≥2 layers) graphene are 0.27 ± 0.05 nm/min and 0.10 ± 0.03 nm/min, respectively. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopic mapping revealed no D band in the pl...

Reaction zones formed at 790 °C between solid titanium and liquid Ag-Cu eutectic alloys (pure and Ti-saturated) have been characterized. When pure Ag-Cu eutectic alloy with 40 at.% Cu is used, the interface reaction layer sequence is: αTi / Ti2Cu / TiCu / Ti3Cu4 / TiCu4 / L. Because of the fast dissolution rate of Ti in the alloy, the reaction zone remains very thin (3-6 μm) whatever the reacti...

A reaction pathway for a classical two-species reaction is considered with one reaction that is several orders of magnitudes faster than the other. To sustain the fast reaction, the transport and reaction effects must balance in such a way as to give an internal layer in space. For the steady-state problem, existing singular perturbation analysis rigorously proves the correct scaling of the int...

Autowaves spreading in a thin layer of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction with ferroin catalyst immobilized in silica gel have been studied. It is found that there is a critical thickness of this layer such that autowaves could not propagate in thinner layers. The results of computer simulations in the two-variable Rovinsky model qualitatively fit the experimental data for the temperature range ...

The oxidation of iron (Fe) by water (D2O) vapour at low pressures and room temperature was investigated using time-of-flight (ToF) SIMS. The results supported those found previously using XPS and the QUASES program in that a duplex oxide structure was found containing a thin outer surface hydroxide (Fe(OD)2) layer over an inner oxide (FeO) layer. The extraordinary depth resolution of the ToF-S...

We describe a 3-layer architecture for an automated Real-Time Strategy game player. In these kinds of games, opponent players create and manage large armies of units to defeat one another requiring strategic thinking. Players give commands asynchronously, requiring rapid thinking and reaction. Our 3-layer architecture builds on current automated players for these kinds of games, which focuses o...

The Ektachem story starts in 1970 at the Eastman Kodak Co. in Rochester, NY. For some time, Eastman Organic Chemicals had supplied reagents to the clinical laboratory. Al Baitsholts, product manager for a thin-layer chromatographic system of impressive analyte sensitivity, became convinced that some kind of thin-layer format might form the basis for a new approach to routine clinical chemistry ...