In two experiments, we compared performance on different tests of memory. Word stems were presented to be completed as an indirect test of memory. For a direct test of memory, the same stems were presented as cues for recall of earlier-presented words. Subjects in a generate/recognize test condition generated a completion for each word stem and then judged whether the generated word was present...

The primary purpose of the Total Recall Track is to evaluate, through controlled simulation, methods designed to achieve very high recall – as close as practicable to 100% – with a human assessor in the loop. Motivating applications include, among others, electronic discovery in legal proceedings [3], systematic review in evidencebased medicine [6], and the creation of fully labeled test collec...

The results of four experiments are reported, in which we examined how the effects of part-list cuing - the presentation of a random selection of studied items as retrieval cues at test - on recall of the remaining target items depend on encoding and access to study context at test. Encoding was varied by inducing high and low degrees of interitem associations; access to study context at test w...

If someone falls off of a 14th story roof, very predictably death will result. The conditions under which readers appear to infer such predictable outcomes were examined with three different retrieval paradigms: immediate recognition test, cued recall, and priming in word recognition. On immediate test, responses to a word representing the implicit outcome (e.g., dead) were slow, but on delayed...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis may be linked to cognitive decline and depression in old age. METHODS The Leiden 85-Plus Study is a prospective population-based study of 599 subjects from age 85 onward. The generalized atherosclerotic burden was rated by the number of cardiovascular pathologies at baseline, as assessed by history taking from treating physicians and EKG. Cardiovascular pathologies ...

Recall latency, recall accuracy rate, and recall confidence were examined in free recall as a function of recall output serial position using a modified Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to test a strength-based theory against the dual-retrieval process theory of recall output sequence. The strength theory predicts the item output sequence to be in the descending order of memory strength. The d...

Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the humans and experimental animals. Due to the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of pelargonidin (PG), this research study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chronic oral PG on alleviating learning and memory disturbance in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into...

The three words-three shapes test is a brief bedside technique for assessment of learning and memory using verbal and non-verbal material. To the best of our knowledge, performance of Brazilian elderly on this test has not yet been reported. Objective To evaluate the performance of normal Brazilian elderly on the three words-three shapes test. Method A total of 50 adult patients, 25 males a...