In order to apply Ni-Ti superelastic alloy to wire clasp in dentistry, the bending characteristics and the shape memory treatment of the wire were investigated. The wire cooled in iced water was more easily bent than that stored at room temperature . In both conditions, however, most of the wire specimens were broken by bending before the radius of curvature became less than three times the dia...

Background: Acute radiation proctitis (ARP) is a usual adverse effect in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy. The symptoms include diarrhea, rectal blood or mucus discharge, fecal urgency and tenesmus with pain. Sucralfate, an aluminum-based salt of sucrose octasulfate, is a cytoprotective agent that forms a coating barrier at injured sites by adhering to mucoproteins. It has been used in t...

Background and aims: Although external anal sphincter dysfunction is the major cause of urge faecal incontinence, approximately 50% of such patients have evidence of rectal hypersensitivity and report exaggerated stool frequency and urgency. The contribution of rectosigmoid contractile activity to the pathophysiology of this condition is unclear, and thus the relations between symptoms, rectal ...

INTRODUCTION Rectal bleeding after radiotherapy impacts the quality of life of long-term surviving prostate cancer patients. We sought to identify factors associated with late rectal bleeding following intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using TomoTherapy for prostate cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 82 patients with localised prostate cancer treated with TomoTherapy. Most...

An online tail breaking force measurement method is developed with a proximity sensor between wire clamp and horn. The wire under the tensile load measures about 1.5 cm extending from the bond location to the wire clamp. To increase the sensitivity, the bondhead speed is reduced to 2mm/s during breaking the tail bond. It takes roughly 10ms to break the tail bond. The force resolution of the met...

The current specifications governing the construction of wire rope and the fabrication of the assemblies used in movable bridges are no longer the best or most reasonable choice for wire rope selection. The current AASHTO and AREMA specifications for wire rope list “6x19 class improved plow steel wire rope of 6x25 filler wire construction with hard fiber core” as the construction for both opera...

In this paper, we study wire width planning for interconnect performance optimization in an interconnect-centric design flow. We first propose some simplified, yet near-optimal wire sizing schemes, using only one or two discrete wire widths. Our sensitivity study on wire sizing optimization further suggests that there exists a small set of “globally” optimal wire widths for a range of interconn...

BACKGROUND An objective method for determining the location of the cancer with respect to peritoneal reflection would be helpful to decide the treatment modality for rectal cancer. This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of rectal MRI to determine spatial relations between the peritoneal reflection and rectal cancer and to compare these with operative findings. PATIENT...

Rectal varices are an important cause of bleed. The bleeding can be sometimes fatal. Endoscopic management is possible and is generally done in emergency situation. Rectal variceal banding is useful. Hemodynamic evaluation has shown that the blood flow in rectal varices is from above downwards; however, the site of banding of rectal varices is unclear. This case series shows that the rectal var...

However, we disagree with Dr Lee that the toxicity should be attributed solely to rectal paracetamol. Firstly, the pharmacokinetics of rectal paracetamol have been extensively studied, and it has been suggested that even a rectal regimen of 25 mg/kg every 6 hours for a mean of 2 to 3 days did not result in supratherapeutic concentration. Secondly, because oral and rectal paracetamol are metabol...