The motivation for this research was to determine the influence of public policies on economic feasibility of producing algal biodiesel in a system that produced all its energy needs internally. To achieve this, a steady-state mass balance/unit operation system was modeled first. Open raceway technology was assumed for the production of algal feedstock, and the residual biomass after oil extrac...

The increase in the population of the planet and the rapid economic growth and, consequently, the high consumption of energy has created many environmental problems in the globe. Due to these reasons and the lack of renewability of these fossil fuels, there has been a steep trend towards the production of renewable fuels from natural sources, one of which is the production of energy from biomas...

When renewable energy is used either as a primary source, or as a back-up source to meet excess demand, energy storage becomes very useful. Simple examples of energy storage units include electric car batteries and uninterruptible power supplies. More sophisticated examples include dams into which water may be pumped when renewable sources of electricity such as wind or photovoltaic are plentif...

Exergy is applied to the Swedish energy supply system for the period 1970–2013. Exergy flow diagrams for the systems of electricity and district heating as well as for the total supply system of energy and material resources for 2012 are presented. The share of renewable use has increased in both electricity and district heat production. The resource use is discussed in four sectors: residentia...

Renewable energy sources are developed worldwide, owing to high oil prices and in order to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this research was to study the feasibility of biodiesel production from mountain almond (Prunus Scoparia) oil using ultrasonic system and optimization of the process using Artificial Bees Colony (ABC) Algorithm. The results showed that by increasing the mol...

in today’s world renewable energy is highly demanding because of increasing oil and fuelprices, desire and necessity to avert irreversible climate damage and also the unreliability of the non -renewablesources. in renewable energy, water is an important source. previously water is used only for survivalof human being as much as food but no attentionhas been givenen to economical use and conserv...

This paper considers the problem of capacity planning and operation of energy grids where the power demands are served from renewable energy sources, such as wind farms, and the transmission network is represented by the High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) lines. The principal question considered in this work is whether a risk-averse design of the grid, including the selection of wind farm locat...

Wind power has been widely considered in recent years as an available and a clean renewable energy source. The cost of wind energy production is currently the main issue, and increasing the size of wind turbines can reduce wind energy production costs. Hence, megawatt wind turbines are being rapidly developed in recent years. In this paper, an aerodynamic analysis of the NREL 5MW turbine is...

This paper presents a hybrid neural network approach to predict wind speed automatically in renewable energy systems. Wind energy is one of the renewable energy systems with lowest cost of production of electricity with largest resources available. By the reason of the fluctuation and volatility in wind, the wind speed prediction provides the challenges in the stability of renewable energy syst...