This article focuses on sūra 102 al-Takāthur of the Qur’ān which addresses those preoccupied with al-takāthur (competition for superiority in number, or accumulation wealth), warning them punishment Hell Hereafter and their interrogation about al-na‘īm (the worldly pleasures) Day Judgement. The grave eschatological implications engaging al-na‘īm, conveyed this sūra, have triggered attempts by M...

This study aimed to judge the appropriateness of a particular nurse researcher's actions in a vignette from the clinical field, and to explore frameworks used to determine the appropriateness of actions. Twelve experienced nurse researchers were interviewed by telephone. They were given four vignettes of actual research situations and asked to comment and explain their judgement on the appropri...

The neural basis of morality: not just where, but when We have known for some time that an intact ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (PFC) is essential for normal social and moral functioning , thanks in large part to studies of individuals who have suffered damage to it (Damasio, 1994). In this issue of Brain, Taber-Thomas and colleagues report that the specific nature of a person's moral impairm...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Physicians are often confronted with ethical and legal questions at the end of life. In this study we asked medical students at the universities of Mainz and Berlin (Charité) about the "Guidelines on Physicians' Aid to the Dying" issued by the German Medical Association: their moral attitude and legal knowledge regarding the limitation of medical procedures at the end o...

Professionals offer (and, we hope, deliver) honest and competent judgment. Perspectives has devoted many issues to the first of these, honesty, what we tend to call "professional ethics:' We have had little to say about the second, technical competence, what makes honest judgment professional. We have, it seems, simply taken it for granted. Yet, an engineer without engineering judgment, a lawye...

Engineers who develop safety-related systems are required to work to remarkably high standards: SIL 1, the lowest classification recognised by the international standard IEC 61508, requires a probability of failure/hour (pfh) of 10-5 or lower; and many systems are required to achieve several orders of magnitude lower failure rates than this. Yet SIL 1 is already so demanding that it is impracti...

In this paper we introduce a new ranking algorithm, called Collaborative Judgement (CJ), that takes into account peer opinions of agents and/or humans on objects (e.g. products, exams, papers) as well as peer judgements over those opinions. The combination of these two types of information has not been studied in previous work in order to produce object rankings. We apply CJ to the use case of ...

Abstract Research shows that reading literary but not popular fiction enhances the Theory of Mind (ToM). This article builds on symmetry between theory and film investigates whether exposure to art films, Hollywood ToM. Participants ( N = 232) were randomly assigned view either or films then answered questions about its characters before completing two separate measures ToM (the Read in Eyes Te...