objective: to develop 'moral distress questionnaire' and validate it in a sample of iranian registered nurses. method: 26 registered nurses and 10 professionals attended focused group discussion (fgd) sessions and the acquired qualitative data was analyzed by jameton scale analysis. results: attitudes and definitions of nurses working in private and governmental hospitals of two medical univers...

In a recent response to Persson and Savulescu's Unfit for the Future, Nicholas Agar argues that moral bioenhancement is dangerous. His grounds for this are that normal moral judgement should be privileged because it involves a balance of moral subcapacities; moral bioenhancement, Agar argues, involves the enhancement of only particular moral subcapacities, and thus upsets the balance inherent i...

Human moral judgement may have evolved to maximize the individual's welfare given parochial culturally constructed moral systems. If so, then moral condemnation should be more severe when transgressions are recent and local, and should be sensitive to the pronouncements of authority figures (who are often arbiters of moral norms), as the fitness pay-offs of moral disapproval will primarily deri...

The neurobiological processes underlying moral judgement have been the focus of Neuroethics. Neurosciences demonstrate which cerebral areas are active and inactive whilst people decide how to act when facing a moral dilemma; in this way we know the correlation between determined cerebral areas and our human acts. We can explain how the ″ethical endowments″ of each person, common to all human be...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of task and ego goal orientation and moral identity on prosocial and antisocial judgement and behaviour in football. The interaction between task and ego orientation in predicting these variables was also examined. Participants were 210 adult male footballers (age 25 +/- 6 years) competing at recreational (n = 133) and semi-professional (n = ...

Kohlberg’s work in moral judgement has been criticised by many philosophers and psychologists. Building on Kohlberg’s core assumptions, we propose a model of moral judgement (hereafter the neo-Kohlbergian approach) that addresses these concerns. Using 25 years of data gathered with the DeŽ ning Issues Test (DIT), we present an overview of Minnesota’s neo-Kohlbergian approach, using Kohlberg’s b...

In this paper, we analyze the task of complex moral judgement from a computational perspective. We present a theoretical framework that posits this process often involves the construction of a coherent explanation for observed behavior in terms of the mental states of the agents involved. We extend the framework to incorporate moral values as numeric annotations on cognitive structures and miti...

This article reviews studies examining the effect of professional education on ethical development. Most studies limit assessment to the measurement of moral judgement, observing that moral judgement plateaus during professional school unless an ethics intervention is present. Whereas interventions influence the shift to postconventional reasoning (the DIT P score), a more illuminating picture ...

Owing to the hemispheric isolation resulting from a severed corpus callosum, research on split-brain patients can help elucidate the brain regions necessary and sufficient for moral judgement. Notably, typically developing adults heavily weight the intentions underlying others' moral actions, placing greater importance on valenced intentions versus outcomes when assigning praise and blame. Prio...