Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy have been used to visualize the morphology and ultrastructure of two types of microorganisms in the hindgut of the cockroach Blaberus posticus. Both organisms, designated as either short or long rods, are attached to chitinous projections from the gut wall. Micrographs suggest that the organisms are prokaryotic with a cell wall c...

PURPOSE Rod spherules are the site of the first synaptic contact in the retina's rod pathway, linking rods to horizontal and bipolar cells. Rod spherules have been described and characterized through electron micrograph (EM) and other studies, but their morphological diversity related to retinal circuitry and their intracellular structures have not been quantified. Most rod spherules are connec...

Theoretical models of irreversible electro-oxidation of dissolved reactant giving dissolved product on the stationary planar electrode are developed for the conditions of staircase cyclic voltammetry. In the first model it is assumed that the product is adsorbed on the electrode surface and that the adsorbate prevents the transfer of electrons. In the second model it is assumed that the electro...

For the treatment of 2-naphthol wastewater, homogeneous electro-Fenton process was considered as an effective method but some disadvantages greatly restrict its application. The three-dimensional (3D-EF) system using a nano zero-valent iron-supported biochar (NZVIs-BC) particle electrode and Cu-supported stainless steel (Cu-SSE) proposed to avoid electro-Fenton. In this work, 3D-EF developed, w...

The organization of the rod spherule and of the horizontal cell axon terminals within the invagination of the rod spherule in the human retina was examined in serial sections by electron microscopy. Twenty-one rod spherules were reconstructed in this study. Axon terminal processes of type I horizontal cells consistently make one or two small punctate synapses onto each rod spherule within the i...

PURPOSE To investigate the slow and fast rod signals of the scotopic 15-Hz flicker ERG in patients with molecularly confirmed Stargardt disease type I (STGD1). There is evidence that these slow and the fast rod ERG signals can be attributed to the rod bipolar-AII cell pathway and the rod-cone coupling pathway, respectively. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with STGD1 with mutations in both allel...

Mutations in rod opsin-the light-sensitive protein of rod cells-cause retinitis pigmentosa. Many rod opsin mutations lead to protein misfolding, and therefore it is important to understand the role of molecular chaperones in rod opsin biogenesis. We show that BiP (HSPA5) prevents the aggregation of rod opsin. Cleavage of BiP with the subtilase cytotoxin SubAB results in endoplasmic reticulum (E...

The dynamic behaviors of oxide layer formation, growth and self-healing in liquid metal lead (Pb) were studied by on-line monitoring with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). rod made zirconium (Zr) was immersed to Pb at 773 K as the working electrode EIS. capacitance semicircle due formation on surface detected EIS after immersion for 45 hr. increase continuously detected. taken out f...