We examine the question of whether Bethe’s ansatz reproduces all states in the periodic Heisenberg XXZ and XXX spin chains. As was known to Bethe himself, there are states for which the Bethe momenta kn diverge: these are in fact the simplest examples of “string” solutions. The coefficients of the Bethe wavefunction, too, diverge. When there are only two down spins in the system (the case consi...

We present in an unified and detailed way the nested Bethe ansatz for open spin chains based on Y(gl(n)), Y(gl(m|n)), Ûq(gl(n)) or Ûq(gl(m|n)) (super)algebras, with arbitrary representations (i.e. ‘spins’) on each site of the chain and diagonal boundary matrices (K+(u),K−(u)). The nested Bethe anstaz applies for a general K−(u), but a particular form of the K+(u) matrix. The construction extend...

We compute the eigenfunctions, energies and Bethe equations for a class of generalized integrable Hubbard models based on gl(n|m)⊕ gl(2) superalgebras. The Bethe equations appear to be similar to the Hubbard model ones, up to a phase due to the integration of a subset of ‘simple’ Bethe equations. We discuss relations with AdS/CFT correspondence, and with condensed matter physics.

The Bethe ansatz can be used to compute anomalous dimensions in N = 4 SYM theory. The classical solutions of the sigma-model on AdS5 × S 5 can also be parameterized by an integral equation of Bethe type. In this note the relationship between the two Bethe ansätze is reviewed following hep-th/0402207.

An ethnobotanical study was carried out in the Saïda region among herbalists to evaluate the use of Salvia argentea (L.), a plant species native from North Africa belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Forty-two herbalists were interviewed individually, aged between 30 and 70 years, all males, 52.38% of them having received a secondary education level and having performing their duties for more tha...

In the course of our investigations of new sources of higher plant lipids, seed fatty acid compositions and the tocochromanol contents of Salvia bracteata, S. euphratica var. euphratica, S. aucherii var. canascens, S. cryptantha, S. staminea, S. limbata, S. virgata, S. hypargeia, S. halophylla, S. syriaca and S. cilicica were investigated using GLC and HPLC systems. Some of the species are ende...

Sage (Salvia) species is known as the Functional Novel Natural Medicine, Salvia Extract are considered important for drug development, because they are reported to have Pharmacological activity in the Asia, Middle East especially China and India. For a long time Salvia has been used in traditional medicine for the relief of pain, protecting the body against oxidative stress, free radical damage...

In recent years, Salvia divinorum has become a major focus by state legislatures throughout the United States looking to prohibit the sale of the psychoactive plant. After researching testing procedures presented in the literature and those employed by crime laboratories throughout the country, it was decided that thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography ⁄mass spectrometry (GC ⁄MS...