Introduction: The proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix increases in the glial scar during spinal cord injury and significantly affects the inhibition of axonal regeneration.  Methods: The results of injury therapies are limited due to the lack of identifying a timely therapeutic intervention. The present study aimed to investigate the glial scar Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) and Dermatan Sulfa...

Introduction It was shown that LGE imaging can be used to evaluate post-ablation scar [1,2] and pre-ablation remodeling of left atrium [3]. Visibility of scar depends on a time interval between contrast agent injection and LGE scan. In this study, we try to determine, what time post contrast injection would give optimal contrast between post-ablation scar and blood (CNRSB) and scar and normal m...

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is characterized by the presence a central scar with radiating fibrous septa. Our case had a capsular retraction, which was the result of an extension of the central scar to the surface. In addition, a hypointense scar on the T2-weighted image and a minimal enhancing central scar on the enhanced T1-weighted image, which was due to dense, sclerotic collagenous tis...

Background Late Gadolinium Enhanced (LGE) MRI has proven clinical value for diagnosis and prognosis of postinfarct patients. A prerequisite for accurate myocardial scar assessment is the reliable segmentation of the myocardium. However, in post-infarct patients, the myocardial scar is often connected to the blood pool, while the contrast between them is typically poor. The ambiguous border betw...

Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging allows assessment of focal scar [1]. An inversion recovery based sequence is commonly used to achieve suppression of healthy myocardium signal. However, the blood pool and subendocardial scar typically have similar signal, making it difficult to distinguish subendocardial scar. Several methods have been proposed to increase the blood-scar con...

Background Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) allows detection of myocardial scar after myocardial infarction. Usually 2D image planes in short-axis and three long axis orientations are obtained. However to plan in patients with scar e.g. complex electrophysiological intervention for reentry arrhythmias, high-resolution 3D information of the scar is highly desirable. This study therefore evaluate...

We examined the topology of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA expression, activity, and shedding in myocardial infarction-induced heart failure and sought to elucidate the source of the increased plasma ACE activity in this model. Three months after coronary ligature, lung, scar, and remaining viable left ventricular tissues were analyzed for ACE mRNA expression as well as tissue and sol...

Ectopic pregnancy overall is the leading cause of death in the first trimester [1]. The incidence of pregnancy implantation in unusual sites, like cesarean scar is rising due to increased incidence of cesarean sections, pelvic inflammatory disease and dilatation and curettage [2]. Up to 72% of cesarean scar pregnancies occur in women who have had 2 or more cesarean deliveries [3-5]. The dehisce...