Extended Abstract  Introduction: Germination is considered the first and most important stage of establishment and consequently, successful competition which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Among the environmental factors influencing the germination, temperature and light are the most important ones. Using different models, the germination response of seeds to temperature c...

chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hydropriming and seed aging on germination and enzymatic properties of pinto bean under salinity stress as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Two groups of seeds (i.e., non-aged and aged seeds), two hydropriming treatments (i.e., hydro primed and unprimed seeds) and six salinity treatments (i.e., 0, 2, 4, ...

Extended Abstract Introduction: Galbanum is one of the most important native medicinal plants in Iran, and nowadays the use of its products and derivatives has become widespread in various industries. Thus, the excessive harvest of this species within its natural habitats has increased. Therefore, the species is enlisted as prone to extinction. Due to the lack of information about germination ...

Extended Abstract Introduction: Cow tail (Smirnovia iranica) is considered a valuable shrub species indigenous and adapted to the sandy lands of the Iranian central regions which besides playing an essential role in the desert cover for soil protection and of forage production, is considered important due to its great medicinal values. Considering the fact that seed germination of this plant d...