Due to the complexities of objects and the vagueness of the human mind, it has attracted considerable attention from researchers studying fuzzy classification algorithms. In this paper, we propose a concept of fuzzy relative entropy to measure the divergence between two fuzzy sets. Applying fuzzy relative entropy, we prove the conclusion that patterns with high fuzziness are close to the classi...

in this paper, weak defining hyperplanes and the anchor points in dea, as an important subset of the set of extreme efficient points of the production possibility set (pps), are used to construct unobserved dmus and in the long run to improve the envelopment of all observed dmus. there has been a surge of articles on improving envelopment in recent years. what has been done first is in constant...

In this paper we discuss the problem of approximating a belief function (b.f.) with a necessity measure or “consonant belief function” (co.b.f.) from a geometric point of view. We focus in particular on outer consonant approximations, i.e. co.b.f.s less committed than the original b.f. in terms of degrees of belief. We show that for each maximal chain of focal elements the set of outer consonan...

this paper focuses on the residential sector demand for electricity, natural gas and petroleum products (kerosene, gas oil and lpg) in iran in the context of a popular locally flexible functional forms - “the almost ideal demand system (aids)”. we pay explicit attention to the theoretical regularity conditions of positivity, monotonicity, and curvature. we treat the curvature property as a main...

‎In this paper‎, ‎we present an algorithm for generating approximate nondominated points of a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP)‎, ‎where the constraints and the objective functions are convex‎. ‎We provide outer and inner approximations of nondominated points and prove that inner approximations provide a set of approximate weakly nondominated points‎. ‎The proposed algorithm can be appl...

‎‎let $g=(v,e)$ be a simple graph‎. ‎an edge labeling $f:eto {0,1}$ induces a vertex labeling $f^+:vtoz_2$ defined by $f^+(v)equiv sumlimits_{uvin e} f(uv)pmod{2}$ for each $v in v$‎, ‎where $z_2={0,1}$ is the additive group of order 2‎. ‎for $iin{0,1}$‎, ‎let‎ ‎$e_f(i)=|f^{-1}(i)|$ and $v_f(i)=|(f^+)^{-1}(i)|$‎. ‎a labeling $f$ is called edge-friendly if‎ ‎$|e_f(1)-e_f(0)|le 1$‎. ‎$i_f(g)=v_f(...

It is known that a typical n-dimensional convex body, in the Baire category sense, has the property that its set of umbilics of zero curvature has full measure in the boundary of the body. We show that a typical convex body has in addition the following properties. The spherical image of the set of umbilics of zero curvature has measure zero. The set of umbilics of infinite curvature is dense i...

This note fixes a small gap in the proof in [4] that the limit set of the handlebody set has measure zero.

Objective: Infection control is one of the important aspects in dentistry. Oral and maxillofacial surgery is one of the most sensitive fields in dentistry in which infection control is important a sterile surgical set is imperative. Manufacturers only guarantee the sterility of the anesthetic not the sterility of its outer surface. They recommend alcohol to sterile the outer surface (especially...