In this paper, by defining a pair of classical sets as a relative set, an extension of the classical set algebra which is a counterpart of Belnap’s four-valued logic is achieved. Every relative set partitions all objects into four distinct regions corresponding to four truth-values of Belnap’s logic. Like truth-values of Belnap’s logic, relative sets have two orderings; one is an order of inclu...

in this paper, we study an equivalence relation on the set of fuzzysubgroups of an arbitrary group g and give four equivalent conditions each ofwhich characterizes this relation. we demonstrate that with this equivalencerelation each equivalence class constitutes a lattice under the ordering of fuzzy setinclusion. moreover, we study the behavior of these equivalence classes under theaction of a...

The role of symmetry in ring theory is universally recognized. most directly definable universal relation a symmetric set isomorphism. This article develops certain structure bipolar fuzzy subrings, including quotient ring, homomorphism, and We define (?,?)-cut investigate the algebraic attributions this phenomenon. also support prove various important properties relating to concept. Additional...

We logically model uncertainty by expanding language without changing logical reasoning rules. We expand the language of set theory by adding new predicate symbols, uncertain membership relations ∈+ and ∈−. We define the set theory ZF± as an extension of ZF with new symbols in classical logic. In this system we can represent uncertainty which is naturally represented in the model of 3-valued lo...

Let Q be a finite acyclic valued quiver. We define bialgebra structure and an integration map on the Hall algebra associated to morphism category of projective representations Q. As application, we recover surjective homomorphism defined in [12], which realizes principal coefficient quantum cluster $$\mathcal {A}\,_q(Q)$$ as sub-quotient morphisms. Moreover, also Caldero–Chapoton formula, well ...

Intervals are related to the representation of uncertainty. In this sense, we introduce an integral of Gould type for an interval-valued multifunction relative to an interval-valued set multifunction, with respect to Guo and Zhang order relation. Classicaland specific properties of this new type of integral are established and several examples and applications from multicriteria decision making...