The ion pile-up region in the comet Halley ionosphere observed on the inbound leg of the Giotto trajectory is accompanied by a decrease of the magnetic field strength. This magnetic field dip is explained by means of a diamagnetic effect of the plasma density increase in the pile-up region. Maximum of the plasma pressure seems to coincide with the maximum of the ion density. We arrived at the c...

A hybrid modeling approach that uses the parabolic equation (PE) with an empirical source model is presented to study and predict the underwater noise due to pile driving in shallow, inhomogeneous environments over long propagation ranges. The empirical source model uses a phased point source array to simulate the time-dependent pile source. The pile source is coupled with a broadband applicati...

Recombination-dependent alterations of their expressed pilin gene (pilE) enable gonococci to synthesize a myriad of structurally/antigenically different pili and to reversibly switch their pilus production on and off. These changes have been ascribed both to DNA transformation and to intragenomic recombination between pilE and silent pilin genes (pilS). We examined the pilus changes in gonococc...

E. Thorp introduced the following card shuffling model. Suppose the number of cards n is even. Cut the deck into two equal piles. Drop the first card from the left pile or from the right pile according to the outcome of a fair coin flip. Then drop from the other pile. Continue this way until both piles are empty. We show that if n is a power of 2 then the mixing time of the Thorp shuffle is O(l...

It is very difficult to predict the load carrying capacity of bored piles because of the Complications that may arise such as difficult ground conditions , presence of ground water, method of boring, method of concreting, quality of concrete, expertise of the construction staff, the ground conditions and the pile geometry. Therefore the Pile design must be accompanied by in situ load testing. M...

One of the most important structures in the ports is the wharf. The most common one is the pile-supported wharf. This type of wharf is consisted of a number of piles and one deck which placed on the piles. In addition to the conventional loads that this structure should withstand, in seismic areas, pile-supported wharfs should have the necessary capacity and strength against seismic excitations...

in present research, 17 centrifuge tests have been conducted to study the effect of various parameters such as the number of piles, the distance between piles, gradation and thickness of the granular layer on the load-settlement behavior of a pile raft system. the results showed the importance of granular layer to reduce the settlement of non-connected pile raft system when the roles of piles a...

Micropiles are routinely used in the United States for foundation support and stabilization of slopes. In recent years, several retaining walls have been constructed using micropiles in an A-frame type configuration to support temporary and permanent excavations at sites with limited access and limited right-of-way. Typical A-frame micropile walls consist of a row of vertical micropiles at the ...

This technical note presents the results of a field investigation into pile aging in soft clay which was conducted over a period of ten years. Static load tests were conducted after the excess pore pressure generated by the installation of 6 m long driven concrete piles were fully equalised. These tests allowed the time-capacity aging profile to be established. A normalised capacity-time trend ...