Persistent above average precipitation and runoff and associated increased sediment transfers from cultivated ecosystems to rivers and oceans are due to changes in climate and human action. The US Upper Midwest has experienced a 37% increase in precipitation (1958-2012), leading to increased crop damage from excess water and off-farm loss of soil and nutrients. Farmer adaptive management respon...

because of water shortage in arid and semi-arid regions, reuse of wastewater and treated effluents for agricultural irrigation has become an essential matter now. while these kinds of water contain a lot of nutrients such as nitrogen, by using them we could be able to increase the soil fertility and decrease both the chemical nutrient consumption and the costs of agricultural production. howeve...

There is a continual drive to conserve water and improve irrigation efficiency in agriculture, especially in regions where water resources are limited and regulated. Mulching is one cultural practice which can be used to reduce water needs. Using certain agricultural byproducts as mulch is a sustainable practice which can provide other benefits as well such as improving soil. Wheat straw, grass...

the occurrence of soil water repellency and its intensity were studied in three sites under pinus teada, petrocarya fraxinifolia and sombucus ebulus in talesh township, western part of guilan province. seventy nine undisturbed soil samples from 0–5 cm depth were collected for water repellency and water-soil contact angle to be determined in a dry season. soil water repellency was assessed using...

Soils lie at the interface between the atmosphere and the subsurface and are a key component that control ecosystem services, food production, and many other processes at the Earth's surface. There is a long-established convention for identifying and mapping soils by texture. These readily available, georeferenced soil maps and databases are used widely in environmental sciences. Here, we show ...

proper use of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions is important and vital. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation scheduling by various methods on crop yield and water use efficiency (wue) by wheat, and determining suitable irrigation-scheduling method for irrigation of wheat in saeedabad, tabriz. a field experiment was conducted with 10 irrigation treatments (i1...

This study evaluated the effectiveness of soils with different textures and thickness to treat BOD, N and P eluted from household septic effluent. The assessments were accomplished by leaching undisturbed soil monoliths of 30, 45 and 60 cm thickness and 25 cm in diameter, representing the four different textural groups and hydraulic loadings recommended by the Kentucky Health Department, with d...