In this paper, the conservation laws of classical fluid mechanics are used to derive a quasi-one-dimensional model of fluid flow in an elastic tube of time-varying cross-sectional area, representing the human vocal tract. The global flow equations are then decomposed into aerodynamic and acoustic components, representing respiratory flow and sound propagation during speech. The nature of the co...

Recently, many economic studies of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) PHB production on an industrial scale, and the impact of replacing petrochemical polymers by PHB were carried out, clearly indicating that the most crucial factors to reduce the cost of producing biopolymers are allotted to the application of microbial production strains capable of high productivi...

artemisinin, a secondary metabolite, is produced by artemisia annua l. plant and is nowadays, the most effective drug in the treatment of malaria. this component and its derivatives are also used against hepatitis b and different types of cancers. chemical synthesis of artemisinin is possible but because of its complex structure and low yield, it is not economically feasible. since this plant s...

ABSTRACT-Nowadays farmers often use N-fertilizers to increase crop yield, but they lost quickly by leaching causes environmental contaminations that reported as most important source of pollutant. Although biofilters are useful for removing nitrate from drainage water, but many researches show that they need an external carbon source to sustain denitrification. Many researchers study on differe...

According to the source-filter model of speech production, speech can be represented by passing the excitation signal through the vocal tract filter. The epoch or instant of maximum excitation corresponds to the glottal closure instant. Several speech processing applications require robust epoch detection but this can be a difficult task. Although state-of-the-art epoch estimation methods can p...

in this study 152 bacterial strains were isolated from the contaminated oils in the southwest of iran. hemolysis was used as a criterion for the primary  isolation of biosurfactant producing-bacteria. fifty five strains had haemolytic activity , among them tweleve strains were good biosurfactant producers by measuring surface tension and emulsification activity.two microorganism showed the high...

Case-based reasoning systems need to know the limitations of their expertise. Having found the known source cases most relevant to a target problem, they must assess whether those cases are similar enough to the problem to warrant venturing advice. In experimenting with SIROCCO, a twostage case-based retrieval program that uses structural mapping to analyze and provide advice on engineering eth...

This paper discusses about teaching software modeling by using OCL specifications, in the context in which the web represents the main source of information. The raise of the interest for models induced a higher need for clear and complete specifications. In case of models specified by means of MOF-based languages, adding OCL constraints proved to be an interesting answer to this need. Several ...

When moving through cluttered environments we use different forms of the same source of information to avoid stationary and moving objects. A stationary obstacle can be avoided by looking at it, registering the differential parallactic displacements on the retina around it during pursuit fixation, and then acting on that information. Such information also specifies one's general heading. A movi...

Pierre-Gerlier Forest and his colleagues make a strong argument for the need to expand policy capacity among healthcare actors. In this commentary, I develop an additional argument in support of Forest et al view. Forest et al rightly point to the need to have embedded policy experts to successfully translate healthcare reform policy into healthcare change. Translation of externally generated i...