Serial assessments of neurocognitive functioning in athletes with concussion are commonly used for return to play decisions. This study provides reliable change indices (RCIs) for computerized tests from 40 NCAA Division I collegiate athletes that suffered a sports-related concussion. The normative data that resulted from the RCIs and subsequent analyses of differences between improved and not ...

Introduction: Ramadan is the 9th  Islamic lunar month during which Muslims avoid eating and drinking from sunrise to sunset.  The effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on asthma control is controversial.  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on the spirometric variables and clinical symptoms on well-controlled asthmatic patients during Ramadan. Material and M...

Introduction and Aim: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous disorder that share common clinical, radiographic, physiological features. Most patients with ILD usually experience an exertion – induced dyspnea as first symptom. A noticeable change in oxygen saturation was noticed while exercise. The study objective to ascertain the functional parameter correlates best by comparing age...

BACKGROUND Although exercise induced desaturation can occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), little is known about its frequency during everyday exercise, or how it relates to dyspnoea or prior drug treatment. METHODS The effects of 200 micrograms inhaled oxitropium bromide, an anticholinergic bronchodilator drug, on spirometric values, dyspnoea score, and oxygen...

OBJECTIVES To compare adult lung function in two national British cohorts, born in 1946 and 1958, in relation to birth weight, postnatal growth and early air-pollution exposure. DESIGN AND SETTING Persons born in England, Scotland and Wales during 1 week in March 1946 and in 1958 and followed from childhood into adult life. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)) an...

BACKGROUND The choice between lower limit of normal or fixed value of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV(1)/FVC) < 0.70 as the criterion for confirming airway obstruction is an open issue. In this study, we compared the criteria of lower limit of normal and fixed FEV(1)/FVC for diagnosis of airway obstruction, with a focus on healthy elderly people. METHOD...

The aim of the Task Force was to derive continuous prediction equations and their lower limits of normal for spirometric indices, which are applicable globally. Over 160,000 data points from 72 centres in 33 countries were shared with the European Respiratory Society Global Lung Function Initiative. Eliminating data that could not be used (mostly missing ethnic group, some outliers) left 97,759...