Numerous scholars have documented a dramatic increase in incumbency advantage in US congressional elections and also state legislative elections over the past four decades.' For example, Gelman and King show that incumbents in the House of Representatives now receive about twelve extra percentage points solely as a result of holding congressional office during the campaign;' the comparable figu...

Two world trends are powerfully reshaping human existence: the degradation, if not destruction, of large parts of the natural world, and unprecedented technological development. At the nexus of these two trends lies technological nature—technologies that in various ways mediate, augment, or simulate the natural world. Current examples of technological nature include videos and live webcams of n...

recently several independent studies have been directed in governmental institutions, as well as the private sector to investigate the technological state of iranian industries, and to evaluate the possibility of utilizing the present facility, for economy reconstruction, sa well as new developments. they have mainly looked upon industial services, and production oriented technologies, with the...

Members of the current generation of young children have been exposed to technological informants, primarily consisting of devices that search the Internet for information, nearly since birth. However, little is known about how young children explore information using these digital sources. To address this issue, 30 preschool children generated questions about unfamiliar animals that were to be...

Artificial, neurobiological, and social networks are three distinct complex adaptive systems (CAS), each containing discrete processing units (nodes, neurons, and humans respectively). Despite the apparent differences, these three networks are bound by common underlying principles which describe the behaviour of the system in terms of the connections of its components, and its emergent properti...

Insights concerning leukemic pathophysiology have been acquired in various animal models and further efforts to understand the mechanisms underlying leukemic treatment resistance and disease relapse promise to improve therapeutic strategies. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate organism with a conserved hematopoietic program and unique experimental strengths suiting it for the investigat...

the aim of this paper is two folds: 1- to compare the level of technological advances in iran's automotive industry with that of its competitors globally. 2- to compare the relative technological advances of iran’s auto industry with other sectors of the iranian economy. to measure the level of technological advances, we have used the atlas model of technology. the results indicate that th...