The kinematics model of a robot arm (we are considering open kinematic chains) is described by a corresponding robot map having the configuration space as its domain and the workspace as codomain. In other words, the robot map assigns to every configuration of the joint parameters a unique point of the workspace of the robot arm. We briefly discuss the general introduction of the robot map wher...

This paper develops a least-squares approach to the solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in primitive variables. As with our earlier work on Stokes equations, we recast the Navier-Stokes equations as a first-order system by introducing a velocity flux variable and associated curl and trace equations. We show that a least-squares principle based on L2 norms applied to this syst...

We investigate a recently proposed model for a full quantum description of two-dimensional black hole evaporation, in which a reflecting boundary condition is imposed in the strong coupling region. It is shown that in this model each initial state is mapped to a well-defined asymptotic out-state, provided one performs a certain projection in the gravitational zero mode sector. We find that for ...

ABSTRACT Surface condition of powder details on the different stages of producing of joining elements is the important factor that influences on the choice of technological conditions of operations and end-use properties and running ability of product. Generally, the roughness, porosity and microstructure determine the surface condition. The results of investigation of surfaces of iron-copper d...

This paper describes a multi-agent model built to simulate the process of technological innovation, based on the widely accepted theory that technological innovation can be seen as an evolutionary process. The actors in the simulation include producers and a large number of consumers. Every producer will produce several types of products at each step. Each product is composed of several design ...

In the past decades technological innovations in many scientific fields, such as molecular biology, biochemistry electrophysiology and histochemistry have facilitated enormously the degree of resolution of independent variables, in addition to accelerating the production of results and read-out parameters. Consequently, this has resulted in new scientific insights. Similarly, a lot of technolog...