mental research (e.g., human impacts on water quality, efficiency of agricultural water use, and trace gas imFrontiers in any science are generally defined by measurement pacts on global climate change) similarly contain stublimitations, and that is especially true in environmental biophysics. born instrumentation problems. I have made no attempt Among the more persistent issues are surface–atm...

Classifiers that aim at doing credible predictions should rely on carefully elicited prior knowledge. Often this is not available so they should start learning from data in condition of near-ignorance. This paper shows empirically, on an agricultural data set, that established methods of classification do not always adhere to this principle. Traditional ways to represent prior ignorance are sho...

protection of a sound environment is one of the most contravertioal issues of the legal and political world, and different letters are provided in this regard. but in respect of how to implement the aim of promoting and protecting the environment, the governments have utilized different legal instruments; the last of which is the concept of liability for environmental damages. level in which di...

printing and packaging industries make three phases of solid, liquid and gaseous contaminants which can cause very dangerous problems. the presence of alcohols, inks, and cleaners can result in massive range of industrial pollutants. always respiratory problems, fatigue, dizziness, weakness, abnormal behavior, memory impairment, insomnia, loss of appetite, and impaired vision and hearing and ca...

most of the environmental threates and resources depletion are direct consequences of human behavior, so altering the behavior could decrease environmental problems. in this regard, identification of the effective factors on behavior would be the first step. lake urmia as a public good, needs public contribution to prevent its more deterioration that could have serious impacts on social welfare...

the proposition that natural areas need protection from the destructive actions of people iswidely accepted. this paper examines iran’s e-society attitudes and capital towards biodiversity conservationand evaluates economically iran’s national parks (nps). 2,121 respondents answered an online questionnaire conducted in summer 2012. the majority of respondents had visited one of iran’s nps. almo...