Terms such as vulnerability, national resilience, and resilience are quite difficult for the residents may not be properly understood by residents. To that end, it is important to understand how related terms vulnerability. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire on Then, sorted out what associated with resilience. similarity map of associative created using quantification method third type...

Coastal ecosystems experience a wide range of stressors including wave forces, storm surge, sea-level rise, and anthropogenic modification and are thus vulnerable to erosion. Urban coastal ecosystems are especially important due to the large populations these limited ecosystems serve. However, few studies have addressed the issue of urban coastal vulnerability at the landscape scale with spatia...

with respect to population growth and agricultural development in ardabil plain, vulnerability assessment of the plain aquifer is necessary for management of groundwater resources and the prevention of groundwater contamination. in this study, vulnerability of ardabil plain aquifer to pollution was evaluated by drastic method. drastic model was prepared by seven effective parameters on vulnerab...

the analysis of vulnerability in networks generally involves some questions about how the underlying graph is connected. one is naturally interested in studying the types of disruption in the network that maybe caused by failures of certain links or nodes. in terms of a graph, the concept of connectedness is used in dierent forms to study many of the measures of vulnerability. when certain ver...

If we think of the graph as modeling a network, the vulnerability measure the resistance of the network to disruption of operation after the failure of certain stations or communication links. Many graph theoretical parameters have been used to describe the vulnerability of communication networks, including connectivity, integrity, toughness, binding number and tenacity.In this paper we discuss...