This paper deals with line-drawings, obtained from images of piecewise planar objects after edge detection. Such images are used e.g. for navigation and recognition. In order to be a possible image of a three dimensional piecewise planar object, it has to obey some projective conditions. Criteria for a line-drawing to be correct is given in this paper, along with methods to nd possible interpre...

It is difficult for a natural language understanding system (NLUS) to deal with ambiguities. There is a dilemma: an NLUS must be able to produce plausible interpretations for given sentences, avoiding the combinatorial explosion of possible interpretations. Furthermore, it is desirable for an NLUS to produce several interpretations if they are equally plausible. EXAM, the system described in th...

The concept of a bipolar query is studied in the framework of the flexible fuzzy querying of databases. The focus is on the aggregation of the negative and positive conditions forming a bipolar query. Three formal logical representations of such an aggregation are proposed and analyzed taking into account various possible interpretations of fuzzy logical connectives. The relation to other appro...

The oceanic cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus are globally important, ecologically diverse primary producers. It is thought that their viruses (phages) mediate population sizes and affect the evolutionary trajectories of their hosts. Here we present an analysis of genomes from three Prochlorococcus phages: a podovirus and two myoviruses. The morphology, overall genome features, and gene content of ...

In the present paper, we get exact solutions of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) of the fractionalized three-dimensional flow of Newtonian fluid with porous and heat transfer through the traveling wave parameter. The governing equations are produced dependent on established Navier-stokes equations which can be diminished to ordinary differential equation by wave parameter ξ=ax+by+nz+Utα/Γ(α...

It would appear that the concepts NEWSPAPER, DOCTOR, BUS, and BANK have nothing in common that distinguish them from concepts like MAGAZINE, SURGEON, CAR, and HOTEL. Nevertheless, definite noun phrases containing words corresponding to the two sets of concepts are interpreted differently. For example, ”John went to the surgeon and Bill did too” is interpreted as involving a specific surgeon who...

According to common judicial standard, judgment in favor of plaintii should be made if and only if it is \more probable than not" that the defendant's action was the cause for the plaintii's damage (or death). This paper provides formal semantics, based on structural models of counterfactuals, for the probability that event x was a necessary or suucient cause (or both) of another event y. The p...