The place of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of depression remains unclear. In this sham-controlled study we determined the efficacy and acceptability offast, left frontal rTMS given three times a week over 4-6 weeks to 29 patients with depression (79% treatment-resistant). The procedure was generally well tolerated and more effective than sham treatment (55...

...................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgements ..................................................................... 4 Preface ........................................................................................ 5 Statement of Candidate Contribution ........................................... 6 Table of

......................................................................................................... 5 Tiivistelmä ...................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ 7 List of original publications .....................................

Self-other discrimination is a crucial mechanism for social cognition. Neuroimaging and neurostimulation research has pointed to the involvement of the right temporoparietal region in a variety of self-other discrimination tasks. Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right temporoparietal area has been shown to disrupt self-other discrimination in face-recognition tasks...

Prolonged wakefulness is associated with obvious changes in the way we feel and perform. Are these changes paralleled by measurable changes in the state of cortical circuits? We show that human cortical excitability, reflected in the immediate (0-20 ms) electroencephalographic reaction to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), progressively increases with time awake, from morning to evening a...

One of the most challenging tasks of the brain is to constantly update the internal neural representations of existing memories. Animal studies have used invasive methods such as direct microfusion of protein inhibitors to designated brain areas, in order to study the neural mechanisms underlying modification of already existing memories after their reactivation during recall [1-4]. Because suc...