In Civil Litigation, a stay of execution is like pause button used by the applicant to restrain court judgement from being carried out opposing party. Fundamentally, for an application succeed, must show special circumstances justify grant stay. This article will identify and comparatively appraise procedures apply in Malaysia United Kingdom. also examine principles factors considered courts Ki...

The available literature on tobacco endgames tends to be limited to discussing means, targets and difficulties. This article offers additional ideas on the key elements of endgame strategies and the circumstances in which these are likely to be adopted and implemented. We suggest such strategies will include explicit plans, will define the nature of `the end of tobacco use/sale' and have target...

We study two widely used algorithms, Glauber dynamics and the Swendsen-Wang algorithm, on rectangular subsets of the hypercubic lattice Z. We prove that under certain circumstances, the mixing time in a box of side length L with periodic boundary conditions can be exponential in L. In other words, under these circumstances, the mixing in these widely used algorithms is not rapid; instead, it is...

Many countries are turning their attention to the use of explicit financial incentives to drive desired improvements in healthcare performance. However, we have only a weak evidence-base to inform policy in this area. The research challenge is to generate robust evidence on what financial incentives work, under what circumstances, for whom and with what intended and unintended consequences.