The research was conducted on the topic: Defense Budget and Response of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Nigeria: Co-integration Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach. It investigated how move response to defence budget considering insecurity problem faced by Nigeria during period study. Time series data which spanned from 1981 2019 sourced CBN. collected subjected unit root test, co-...

The management of public expenditure is crucial due to its effect on people’s standard living. In line with this, this study investigated growth and national consumption costs using a vector error correction approach. objective determine the capital recurrent consumer price index. dependent variable in measured by index, while independent expenditures. An ex post facto research design was adopt...

This article studies a simple, coherent approach for identifying and estimating error correcting vector autoregressive moving average (EC-VARMA) models. Canonical correlation analysis is implemented for both determining the cointegrating rank, using a strongly consistent method, and identifying the short-run VARMA dynamics, using the scalar component methodology. Finite sample performances are ...

this study investigated the dynamic relationship between money, prices and output in a multivariate structure of casualty analysis in iran for the two period of 1969 to 2012 (entire period) and 1989 to 2012 (sub-period). this statistical framework has been projected for situations where causal links may have changed over the sample period. results of a three-variable vector error correction mod...

Since Quenouille’s influential work on multiple time series, much progress has been made towards the goal of parameter reduction and model fit. Relatively less attention has been paid to the systematic evaluation of out-of-sample forecast performance of multivariate time series models. In this paper, we update the hog data set studied by Quenouille (and other researchers who followed him). We r...

Background & objectives: Despite the importance and impact of health and education on economic growth in countries, the causal relationship between education and health is important to policymaking. This study aimed to investigate the causality relationship between education and health in the short and long runs using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) in Iran. Method: This was an analyt...

This study investigated the dynamic relationship between money, prices and output in a multivariate structure of casualty analysis in Iran for the two period of 1969 to 2012 (entire period) and 1989 to 2012 (sub-period). This statistical framework has been projected for situations where causal links may have changed over the sample period. Results of a three-variable Vector Error Correction Mod...