arising of loss entitles the third party to the compensation. in this respect, more often than not, the entitlement of the third party finds its justification based on voluntary principles and sometimes based on involuntary ones. if the third party cannot find defense based on voluntary principles, he or she has to resort to involuntary ones. the possibility of multiple compensation methods cou...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an electronic muscle stimulator in strengthening normal quadriceps femoris muscle without the assistance of simultaneous isometric muscle contraction. The sample consisted of 58 subjects who were randomly divided into three independent groups. One group (n = 19) served as controls; one group (n = 20) underwent daily stimulation of th...

This article maps the concept of 'good death' (euthanasia) in the ancient world and explores the marginal role of the doctor at a 'good dying'. His assistance was not needed when the Homeric warrior died as a hero and was expected to accept death with resignation. Later the city-state regarded as heroes the men fallen for the cause of the community, honouring these model citizens as those who d...

Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 33, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6184-1_3, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 Abstract Cities face many risks. This book focuses mainly on natural hazards. This chapter explores what perceptions of, and responses to, natural hazards have in common with society’s way of coping with risk more generally. It proffers four framing device...

Increasing research and policy attention is being given to how the socioeconomic environment influences health. This article discusses potential indicators or metrics regarding the socioeconomic environment that could play a role in an incentive-based system for population health. Given the state of the research regarding the influence of socioeconomic contextual variables on health outcomes, t...

Commenting on the California case of Elizabeth Bouvia, a quadreplegic who requested hospital assistance to alleviate suffering while she starved herself to death, Brahams expresses the hope that no patient in the United Kingdom will ever be forcibly fed against his or her wishes. Since passage of Britain's Suicide Act of 1961, taking one's own life is not a crime, although aiding a suicide is ...

This paper addresses the question of how uncertainty in costs and benefits affects the difficulty of reaching a voluntary agreement among sovereign states. A measure of “difficulty” is constructed relating to side-payments necessary to make an agreement a Pareto-improving move. Using a simple model, it is shown that uncertainty actually makes agreement easier. * Donald Bren Professor of Environ...

TOPIC Meeting the mental health needs of disaster response volunteers. Voluntary disaster response organizations deployed volunteers across the country following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. PURPOSE Disaster response volunteers may experience mental health needs, particularly following extended or multiple deployments. This article attempts to heighten the awareness of psychiatric mental heal...

The registration of persons under the National Assistance Act, 1948, entitles them to the social support of the Welfare Department of the local authority and usually to various statutory and other financial benefits and concessions. Its purpose is primarily social and not statistical. The existence of a list of persons suffering from severely restricted vision and having appended diagnoses has ...

Recidivism outcomes were examined over a 2-year postrelease period for participants of an Australian employment assistance program. The voluntary 12-month program operated from 17 Victorian correctional locations, 7 prisons, and 10 community corrections locations, targeting participants at moderate to high risk of reoffending. Recidivism outcomes included simple rates of reoffending for the who...