Abstract Bruce Smith (1851–1937) was the most prominent Australian exponent of classical or ‘old’ liberalism in late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Although his political career not particularly successful, he notable as foremost defender individualism authentic liberal creed, exemplified by 1887 work Liberty . He consistently attacked new liberalism, with its acceptance extensive stat...

This study examines the influence of culture at individual level on adoption and use electronic distance learning technologies by students a technical university when teaching in sustainable development programs. Four cultural dimensions were investigated: individualism / collectivism, masculinity femininity, power uncertainty avoidance level. We also used Technology acceptance model (TAM), whi...

This paper explores the influence of culture on inter-unit knowledge flows in multinational corporations. Based on literature review, the knowledge transfer process is categorized by the extent of exact copying of knowledge and the utilization of information technology. Individualism/collectivism dimension is chosen as the cultural factor. In addition, characteristics of knowledge are also take...

Many studies have shown that American culture has become more individualistic over time. However, it was unclear whether other cultures, especially East Asian cultures, have also shifted toward greater individualism. Therefore, this article reviewed studies investigating temporal changes in individualism in Japan and their ramifications on psychology and behavior. Japan has experienced rapid an...

organizational culture of an organization is one of the fundamental staffs' job satisfaction factors. this study aimed to determine the effects of organizational culture on faculty members' job satisfaction using hofstede's model. in a descriptive applied study 61 faculty members of shahid beheshti university of medical sciences were randomly selected and studies in 2015. hofstede's model were ...

Within the emerging field of cultural neuroscience (CN) one branch of research focuses on the neural underpinnings of "individualistic/Western" vs. "collectivistic/Eastern" self-views. These studies uncritically adopt essentialist assumptions from classic cross-cultural research, mainly following the tradition of Markus and Kitayama (1991), into the domain of functional neuroimaging. In this pe...

Individualism and collectivism are often equated with independent vs. interdependent, agentic vs. communal, and separate vs. relational self-construals. Although these same concepts have been used to characterize both cultural and gender differences, a perspective of cultural evolution suggests it is unlikely. A division of labor within society may produce gender differences, but this cannot ex...

Received: 30 March 2009 Revised: 22 September 2009 2nd Revision: 9 December 2009 Accepted: 11 December 2009 Abstract The global use of online communities has exploded to involve hundreds of millions of users. Despite the tremendous social impact and business opportunities afforded by these communities, little information systems (IS) research has addressed them – especially in a cross-cultural ...

Iranian identity cannot be conceived of as a uniform monolithic concept. But, thanks to certain upheavals in the history of the country, it has turned into the triple concept of national/Islamic/modern. Hofstede’s (2001) cultural framework represents a well-validated operationalization of culture based on six cultural dimensions  (power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminini...

Despite extensive research into preferences for a romantic partner, previous work has not addressed the role of individual values in informing desires for a partner. The present study employed a recent comprehensive model of values [Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Beyond individualism-collectivism: new cultural dimensions of values. In U. Kim, H. C. Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S-C. Choi, & G. Yoon (Eds.)...