Rice production in most of Asian countries has been increased more rapidly than population and this has been led to increase in supply and proportionately decrease in the real price of rice in world and domestic markets. Furthermore, together with growth in production and national gross income of the country per-capita income has been increased and also demand for rice at national and internati...

A short-term electricity market coordinated by a system operator provides a foundation for a competitive electricity market. Combined with long-term contracts for generation and transmission congestion, the spot-market and competitive market pricing can support open access to the transmission grid. INTRODUCTION Electricity market restructuring emphasizes the potential for competition in generat...

This paper aims to revisit the way that distributed energy resources (DERs) interact with the present structures of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM), and consider opportunities to improve the interface between centralized and distributed resource operation and investment. The NEM was established with the stated aim of facilitating efficient operation of and investment in electri...

The issue of power in distribution channels remains a topic of interest among both practitioners and researchers of marketing. This interest has, no doubt, been fueled by the growing power of retailers and the emergence of retail powerhouses such as Walmart. Power, in a distribution channels context, is often de…ned as the ability to appropriate a larger share of the total channel surplus. In a...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: D82 D83 Q49 L11 L12 L94 Keywords: Price pass-through Norwegian electricity market Price asymmetry Market power Transmission lag In this paper we estimate the pass-through of wholesale electricity price to the end consumer price with variable price contracts in the Norwegian electricity market using weekly data. We find substantial asymmetry when retaile...

This paper was written to promote discussion at a workshop on alternative electricity markets in California. Workshop participants will discuss changes on both the supply side and the demand side of the wholesale market. On the supply side, participants will comment on incentives to promote more timely investments by private developers. They will also discuss the appropriate role of the Califor...

at the wedding and sat down to the banquet in the afternoon ; of these 110 fewer than forty were subsequently seized with symptoms of irritant poisoning, the time of onset varying from four to sixteen hours after the meal. Five of the persons so attacked had died up to the date when the facts were placed 011 record, and as that was only some ten days after the occurrence, it is possible that ot...

Wholesale electricity market designs in practice do not provide the market participants with adequate mechanisms to hedge their financial risks. Demanders and suppliers will likely face even greater risks with the deepening penetration of variable renewable resources like wind and solar. This paper explores the design of a centralized cash-settled call option market to mitigate such risks. A ca...