Bark beetles are known to have complex associations with a variety of microorganisms (Paine and others 1987; Ayres and others 2000; Six and Klepzig 2004). However, most of our knowledge involves fungi, particularly external species. In contrast, we know very little about their associations with bacterial gut symbionts (Bridges 1981). Similarly, work with wood colonizing insects such as termites...

This study investigated how the mechanical properties of L-shape joints produced from heat treated Scotch pine or ash wood behaved under cyclic fatigue loading and compared this with non-heat materials. Additionally, static bending performances were to performance same type joints. Results indicated that increasing number staple 6 8 density generally increased Static resistance control Ash sign...

Vessels White oak cell types, fibers, rays, and vessels, were isolated from high-yield chemimechanical, neutral Rays sulphite semichemical (NSSC), and kraft pulps. Milled wood lignins (MWL) from NSSC fiber and ray Fibers cell fractions analyzed by ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy were found to have similar syringyl/ Cell wall guaiacyl ratios. Methoxyl analyses of MWL’s were also similar an...

studies have tended to use multi-element analysis techniques to establish elemental patterns for selected functional areas or across sampling grids covering entire archaeological sites. Spatial patterns have been identified for particular elements, but the outstanding problem is the interpretation of the results. the essential approach has been to establish patterns and then to propose reasons....

Several alternative methods for the disposal of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated wood waste have been studied in the literature, and these methods are reviewed and compared in this paper. Extraction experiments have been carried out on CCA treated wood and evaluated as a method to recover the metal compounds into either fresh wood preservatives or other useful industrial materials. Recyc...

Due to the limited availability of wood, as highest quality raw material for production biomass pellets, increasing attention is being paid and use pellets from low-quality materials such different types agricultural waste. However, complex chemical composition these often leads various problems during their combustion. One biggest when it comes burning related low melting temperature resulting...

Two common tree species, ash ( Fraxinus sp.) and oak Quercus sp.), could provide readily available media for denitrifying bioreactors that use wood-based carbon biological nitrate treatment. However, it is not known if the wood from Emerald Ash Borer-killed (EAB-killed) trees an effective source removal compared to other species or high-tannin nature of inhibits denitrification potential. This ...