Elementary school students cannot visualize virtual objects or images on some social studies materials in a real environment. This study aims to develop 7 Wonders of the World-APP-based Augmented Reality media improve elementary student's mastery concepts. used four-D method and pretest-posttest control group design. Methods data collection using questionnaires tests. Validity includes validity...

BACKGROUND An objective measure of nutrition literacy is unavailable for use in the primary care population. The Nutrition Literacy Assessment instrument (NLit) is a tool designed to measure nutrition literacy across six domains and has been previously piloted in breast cancer and parent populations. The purpose of this research was to engage nutrition experts and patients to guide revisions of...

OBJECTIVE To describe the cross-cultural adaptation of the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) to Brazilian Portuguese and to investigate preliminary psychometric properties of the adapted version. METHODS Cross-cultural adaptation was based on the investigation of the theoretical and operational equivalences of the original ARI in the Brazilian context, followed by a process of translation, bac...

Background: Considering the importance of preventing smoking hookah in adolescents and the lack of a standard questionnaire in this field, this study aimed to develop and validate a Persian Preventing Hookah Smoking (PHS) Questionnaire in adolescents based on the Protection Motivation Theory. Materials and Methods: After conducting focus groups discussion, reviewing the literature and scientifi...

BACKGROUND After renal transplantation, many patients experience adverse effects from maintenance immunosuppressive drugs. When these adverse effects occur, patient adherence with immunosuppression may be reduced and impact allograft survival. If these adverse effects could be prospectively monitored in an objective manner and possibly prevented, adherence to immunosuppressive regimens could be...

OBJECTIVES This paper aimed to employ subject matter experts (SMEs) to assess the extent to which the Korean version of the short-form of the OHIP (OHIP-14 K) is culturally valid and equivalent in Korean. METHODS We approached 17 bilingual Korean SMEs from which 10 independently rated the clarity, relevance, and cultural equivalence of the OHIP-14 K. SME's varied between 10 and 41 years of cl...

Scale developers often provide evidence of content validity by computing a content validity index (CVI), using ratings of item relevance by content experts. We analyzed how nurse researchers have defined and calculated the CVI, and found considerable consistency for item-level CVIs (I-CVIs). However, there are two alternative, but unacknowledged, methods of computing the scale-level index (S-CV...

INTRODUCTION Pediatricians play a key role in the onset and duration of breastfeeding. Although it is known that they lack formal education on this subject, there are currently no validated tools available to assess pediatrician knowledge regarding breastfeeding. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a Breastfeeding Knowledge and Skills Questionnaire for Pediatricians. MATERIAL AND METHODS Once...