All layers of society are very familiar with this political forum. Especially before the election, volunteer candidates and parties will flock to make supporting billboards support a proposal from one parties. According Law No. 2 2008 concerning Political Parties, is an organization consisting group Indonesian citizens based on aspirations desires members, society, state state, as well interest...

Using data for Dutch municipal elections between 1998 and 2018, this paper finds two dominant trends: more political fragmentation increasing electoral success of independent local parties. The relative size parties in the council rises from 25% to 37% 2018 share their aldermen 21% 32%. When understanding parties, number inhabitants, regional diversity, elderly people election year dummies are ...

From the first national elections in 2002 and first local suku (village) elections over 2004–05, the East Timorese people have repeatedly and enthusiastically exercised their right to choose their representatives through direct, secret ballot. The commitment of the East Timorese state to democracy has also been demonstrated through formal steps to safeguard fundamental political and civil freed...

1. The Parties and Public Policy. Throughout this report political parties are treated as indispensable instruments of government. That is to say, we proceed on the proposition that popular government in a nation of more than 150 million people requires political parties which provide the electorate with a proper range of choice between alternatives of action. The party system thus serves as th...

In the local elections of 2009, the election was held for 32.485 council memberships in 2.931 municipalities. In this paper, the members of municipal councils were investigated by “full counting” (census) method and analyses were made covering the woman member ratios. In order to be able to use the full counting method, the data published by the Turkish Statistics Institute (TURKSTAT) has been ...

The indigenous people of Lampung Saibatin are adherents the Islamic religion. However, in marriage tradition, there still several gender-biased customs that not harmony or even contrary to values teachings. formulation problem this article is how level compatibility between marriages and teachings Islam they believe? purpose describe concept Qur'an community their with through study gender vers...