Clinical disorders of memory are believed to occur from the dysfunction of either the mesial temporal lobe, the mesial thalamus, or the basal forebrain. Fibre tract damage at the level of the fornix has only inconsistently produced amnesia. A patient is reported who suffered a cerebrovascular accident involving the posterior limb of the left internal capsule that resulted in a persistent and se...

Abstract Teleost fish exhibit extraordinary cognitive skills that are comparable to those of mammals and birds. Kin recognition based on olfactory visual imprinting requires neuronal circuits were assumed be necessarily dependent the interaction mammalian amygdala, hippocampus, isocortex, latter being a structure teleost lacking. We show teleosts—beyond having hippocampus pallial amygdala homol...

Attention or variations in event processing help drive learning. Lesion studies have implicated the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) in this process, particularly when expected rewards are omitted. However, lesion studies cannot specify how information processing in CeA supports such learning. To address these questions, we recorded CeA neurons in rats performing a task in which rewards we...

Background Anesthetics aim to prevent memory of unpleasant experiences. The amygdala and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex participate in forging emotional valence-driven formation. It was hypothesized that this circuitry maintains its role under sedation. Methods Two nonhuman primates underwent aversive tone–odor conditioning sedative states induced by ketamine or midazolam (1 8 0.1 0.8 mg/kg, ...

Background Research into the emotional health of older adults, as it relates to brain network function, lags research cognitive health, despite importance quality life. Here, we examine associations between three summary scores from NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery (NIHTB-EB) – negative affect, social satisfaction, and psychological well-being their with intrinsic functional connectivity within syst...

Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant manner of inner distress, often accompanied by nervous behavior. Anxiety is related to the particular behaviors of fight or flight responses. The amygdala, the insula and anterior cingulate cortex seem to be critical, and all three have been referred to as the fear network .The amygdala which plays a fundamental role in neural network of fear...

Functional neuroimaging and lesion-based neuropsychological experiments have demonstrated the human amygdala’s role in recognition of certain emotions signaled by sensory stimuli, notably, fear and anger in facial expressions. We examined recognition of two emotional dimensions, arousal and valence, in a rare subject with complete, bilateral damage restricted to the amygdala. Recognition of emo...

introduction: aggressive behavior is a major issue in the field of mental health. pharmacotherapy is often used for the treatment of violent individuals. a neurochemical system most consistently linked with aggression is the gabaergic system. the aim of the present investigation was to examine the effect of muscimol (gabaa agonist) 250 and 500 ng/rat and picrotoxin (gabaa antagonist) 1.5 and 3 ...

Introduction: Considering the antiepileptogenic effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), the effect of rTMS applied during amygdala kindling on spontaneous activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was investigated. Materials and Methods: A tripolar electrode was inserted in basolateral amygdala of Male Wistar rats. After a recovery period, animals received daily kindl...