iran territory had divided in northwestern, northeastern, and east, because of the ruling kings' inefficiency. as a result, many parts of this territory were separated from it. a direct and long struggle between iranians and russians ended with the treaty of gulestan and turkamanchay. russians prepared the way for accepting the akhal treaty by supporting middle east tribes and khans' ...

drought is transient phenomenon , slow , repetitive and integral part of the climate of each region. drought begins with a substantial reduction in precipitation over the long-term average rainfall and over time, reduced soil moisture and surface and ground water resources will continue to decrease. this phenomenon is the most important in bakhtegan basin because of its importance in strategic ...

acknowledgements i wish to express my gratitude to all those who have helped me in preparing this thesis. i would like to express my deep gratitude to my respected advisor dr. kourosh akef, whose advice and comments helped me in the early stages of the research and throughout the writing process. i would also like to express my gratitude to dr. hajar khanmohammad whose invaluable guidance he...

Developments after September of 2011 confirm the pessimistic view towards the Middle East because opposed to the expectations of the optimists, ending the Cold War and the collapse of bipolar system did not mean regional peace. One of the reasons for this instability and regional conflict is direct and indirect intervention of the United States and its presence in theregion. One of the areas th...

abstract abstract of thesis (includes summary, goals, execution methods, and results) story “al-obnosat al-bayza” is one of the short stories from “hanna mineh” collection. this story is a selection of lives of some humans during a voyage together, each of them is a symbol of human nature (love, mind, kindness) and examine social, cultural, and political aspects of governing system, and it...

Background: Iran has a long history of traditional medicine and medicinal plants use in Middle East. Many ethnics in several parts of Iran use medicinal plants for their illness. Objective: Our aims were to identify which medicinal plants in the East- Mazandaran used for gastro intestinal problems and how the indigenous people treat their gastro intestinal problems. Methods: An investigation w...

1. to determine whether difference in birth body mass influenced growth performance in pipistrellus kuhlii we studied a total of 12 captive-born neonates. bats were assigned to two body mass groups: light birth body mass (lbw: 0.89 ± 0.05, n=8) and heavy birth body mass (hbw: 1.35 ± 0.08, n=4). heavier body mass at birth was associated with rapid postnatal growth (body mass and forearm length) ...

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the status of rural libraries services in East Azarbaijan province and surveying villagers' viewpoints toward the libraries' effect on the reduction of social deprivation. Method: The current research is applied in terms of research objectives and descriptive in terms of data collection, which was carried out using a survey method. Data w...