Received: 28 Dec 2010 Accepted: 27 August 2011 Abstract Background and Aim: Fluoride has an important role in the prevention of caries. This study assessed the efficacy of three types of topical fluoride: fluoride varnish, APF gel (sultan), APF gel (Kimia) in protecting the enamel from demineralization in an in vitro environment. Materials and Methods: Sixty human caries-free premolars where ra...

The paper describes used techniques, operation characteristics and develops information of the unconventional soft switched active power filter. The power part is based on progressive IGBT’s and high speed voltage and current sensors. The APF is connected in parallel to the AC input of the system, and corrects all loads directly from the AC main. Control unit is based on use of digital signal p...

The oral retention of fluoride (F) following the topical application of a newly developed APF foam was compared with a conventional APF gel. Twenty adults aged 16-26 years participated in the study. Ten of the subjects received the F foam and gel treatments, on separate occasions, with a saliva ejector while another 10 subjects received the same treatment without saliva ejector. Approximately 4...

The power quality (PQ) is a major issue for both electrical utilities and their customers. nonlinear loads cause PQ problems like current harmonics, voltage frequency deviation, sag swell. A unified conditioner (UPQC) utilized in this research to minimize these problems. UPQC made up of two active filters (APFs), one which connected the line series other parallel. Unit Vector Template Generatio...

The accurate environment potential field (EPF) modeling method and highly efficient collision avoidance (CA) approach are key technologies for maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS). A novel model is proposed using electronic navigation chart (ENC) face objects to describe different types of navigable non-navigable areas, an improved artificial (APF) presented realize collaborative CA obstacl...