geographical bases have significant function in human settlements in terms of distribution and sustainability. thisstudy attempted to provide an insight into the role of geographical bases in rural settlement distribution in arid areas.accordingly, this study was done in the rural area of khour-biabanak, naein city in esfahan province. themethodology was that of a correlative research, to reali...

this paper will concentrate on the result of a research based on comparative study between two persian gardens in different micro climates in arid regions. sustainability could be observed in many aspects and elements of traditional iranian architecture and landscape architecture, and this method of design has used to solve many problems for many centuries. gardens of iran have had special role...

Long-term average groundwater recharge, which is equivalent to renewable groundwater resources, is the major limiting factor for the sustainable use of groundwater. Compared to surface water resources, groundwater resources are more protected from pollution, and their use is less restricted by seasonal and inter-annual flow variations. To support water management in a globalized world, it is ne...

Mashhad city, the second most populous metropolis of Iran, with a population of more than three million, lies between two seismically active regions of Binalood and Kopet-Dagh. In recent years, the city has grown around the South Mashhad (SM) fault zone in the south. Given the vital role of the SM fault in influencing the seismic risk of the city, this study is aimed at the evaluation of the fa...

Rivers are habitats favored by insectivorous bats. The Japanese large-footed bat (Myotis macrodactylus) is one of such species strongly associated with rivers. To clarify the population structure and migration pattern of M. macrodactylus, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) phylogeography was investigated in 15 subpopulations along three rivers (Tokachi, Ishikari and Teshio Rivers) on Hokkaido Island, no...