As electric vehicles become promising alternatives for sustainable and cleaner energy emissions in transportation, the modeling and simulation of electric vehicles has attracted increasing attention from researchers. This paper presents a simulation model of a full electric vehicle on the Matlab-Simulink platform to examine power flow during motoring and regeneration. The drive train components...

a total number of 67 workers of teheran battery workshops were investigated for probable lead absorption due to the working with lead storage batteries. twenty workers with other occupations were selected as control group. blood and urine analysis were carried out for both groups. lead content of the urine in about 95.5% of the subjects was below 10 μg/100 ml. two subjects showed higher concent...

Silicon-anode based lithium-ion batteries can provide large actuation strain and actuator energy through their novel electrochemical mechanism. Battery actuators have strong potential as multifunctional due to ability store energy, actuate, self-sense. This paper presents a generic multilayer model that predict the following metrics for multimorph: free deflection, blocked force, energy. Two ca...

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A review of mathematical models of lithium and nickel battery systems developed at the University of South Carolina is presented. Models of Li/Li-ion batteries are reviewed that simulated the behavior of single electrode particles, single electrodes, full cells and batteries (sets of full cells) under a variety of operating conditions (e.g. constant current discharge, pulse discharge, impedance...

Production systems necessarily feature both detail complexity, the effect of having many variables, and dynamic complexity, the effect of time and spatial separation, non-linearity, and counter-intuitive relationships between cause and effect. This paper presents a system dynamics modeling of a Nigerian automotive battery production organisation. Policy runs of the system simulation were done t...

Output power in a hybrid power system is constant while the input power with variable characteristics that is generated by different sources. Using Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage (HEES) systems, is growing rapidly since there is an obvious need for clean energy. This paper introduces different parts of a HEES system and then proposes HEES systems which employ battery, ultracapacitor and f...

The Energy Storage System (ESS) is an expensive component of an E-bike. The idea of Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), a combination between battery and Ultra-Capacitor (UC), can moderate the cost of E-bike ESS. In this paper, a cost function is developed to use for optimal sizing of a HESS. This cost function is consisted of the HESS (battery, UC and DC/DC converter) cost and the cost of bat...