We first investigate whether or not ex post destruction can possibly alleviate the hold-up problem in a one-shot game between a supplier and a buyer. The answer is yes but only when the buyer believes that the supplier might be a Homo reciprocans agent with sufficiently strong propensity for reciprocity. Under incomplete information with informed supplier, investment is made feasible by the “mi...

Sulfated proteoglycans have important structural and signaling functions in the growth plate. In the October 1, 2008, issue of Genes & Development, Settembre and colleagues (2645-2650) report that lack of SUMF1, a crucial enzyme in the activation of sulfatases, causes a severe chondrodysplasia by augmenting fibroblast growth factor signaling and by hampering the autophagic process, which the in...

" [T]hese war games are about the real effects of a cyberwar. .. about causing chaos in our streets at home due to sudden crashes in our critical infrastructure through manipulation of our banking, transportation, utilities, communications, and other critical infrastructure industries. These are all real scenarios. " (Patterson, 2010b) " In seeking a prudent policy, the difficulty for decision-...

This paper studies a cheap talk model in which two senders having partial and non-overlapping private information simultaneously communicate with an uninformed receiver. The sensitivity of the receiver’s ideal action to one sender’s private information depends on the other sender’s private information. We show that the senders’information transmissions exhibit strategic complementarity: more in...

The Condorcet Jury Theorem (CJT), which provides a justification for democracy, is based on voters who are imperfectly informed insofar as they know the correct policy with a probability of less than one but greater than one-half. We reassess the consequences of the CJT for democracy when extension of the franchise adds equal numbers of non-distinguishable informed and uninformed voters to the ...

Mechanical ventilation is undoubtedly a lifesaving procedure for patients with acute respiratory failure [1]. Unfortunately the procedure is also associated with a number of unwanted side-effects. Firstly, until recently, mechanical ventilation required endotracheal intubation either through a tracheostomy or with a translaryngeal tube, procedures which can carry some risks [2, 3]. Secondly, by...